Research about the realtionship between Mausoleum of the First Qin Paper

About the realtionship between Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and the wide Wall - Research Paper ExampleOther than the Burial Army, the Great Wall is another miracle initiated by the Qin Emperor. All those heavy constructions required thousands and hundreds of people sacrificing their lives to finish this masterpiece. The Emperor of Qin has always emphasized on his wealth and kingdom, so not only is the burial army represented as his guard of his kingdom time to come but also the Great Wall, which supposed to prevent the Xiongnu from invading China. Especially since Chinese emphasized so much on their later on support. We can see the Emperor of Qin has great plans for his afterlife or ending for twain of these constructions started building since he first became the King and was young (OConnor 13). In this essay, I am going to honor the relation between the Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin and the Great Wall and the importance of the army to the Emperor by going into details of the inside of the tomb. The Relationship between Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and the Great Wall subsequently he got to power, around the 246BC, Emperor Qins main aim was to unify the city-states of China into unrivaled kingdom. He was indeed successful in his aim to unify China. After the unification of China, he joined the fragment palisades of china to form the Great Wall of China, which is one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The Great Wall of China was a way of protecting his kingdom. The huge number of life sized terracotta warriors that were found in his mausoleum are believed to be a symbol of his ability to protect the newly unified China even in death the same way he could protect it by building the wall in life (Turnbull 30). The complexness and technicality that were used in the construction of the mausoleum of the first emperor moth of China is both a approve and a mystery. From the life sized and uniquely made terracotta armies, bronze chariots and horses, the underground pits to the yet to be detect tomb. All this shows the advanced technology that the emperor used that beats the modern day technology. The mausoleum is considered the eighth question of the world. The same advanced technology was used in the building of the Great Wall of China. The scientist has tried to determine the technological mystery behind it in vain and ended up calling it a wonder (Ferrante-Wallace 83). The mausoleum of the emperor Qin of construction began as soon as he ascended the throne around the year 246BC at the age of 13. He wanted his afterlife to be a replica of his life and wanted to stop it is prepared before he dies. The construction of the Great Wall of China started around the year 220BC. The wall and the mausoleum of the emperor were hence built around the same time, when the emperor was in power, and this could be evidence that the emperor of china is the one who ordered its construction. The Chinese believed in after life and regarded it with great importance. According to them, one would need most if not all of the things that they needed when they are alive in their afterlife, life after death. They really took time preparing for the afterlife and took with them all that they thought they might need in their next life after death. They would hence be buried with their pottery, slaves, horses, livestock, farming equipment, and everything they thought they

UK Retail Banking Sector Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

UK Retail Banking Sector - Essay ExampleThese form 90% of the total market share of the industry. HSBC takes the top direct with assets worth $1,267,777 million.The major groups within which this sector fuel be divided are the big banks, also called luxuriously Street banks, the create Societies, and the Direct Banks. The High Street banks are the regular banks which provide accounts and loans to customers and businesses. They also have branches which can be accessed by customers. Building societies are mutual societies, which are owned by their members for the benefit of members i.e. of both savers and borrowers alike. (Davidmann 2006). These societies were earlier catering to the owe market only but have now started providing deposit and accounts to the customers very much like the normal banks. Direct Banks do not have any branches but reach the customer through the mesh and other electronic sources. Many High Street banks like HSBC and Barclays also provide direct banking solutions for the whatchamacallit of the consumers but unlike Direct Banks, they have their branches for other activities like product sale etc. Tesco individual(prenominal) Finance, First Direct, and Egg are some examples of Direct Banks in the UK. As stated earlier, HSBC holds the top position by market value also at 122.29 pounds (2010). Building societies are not listed but comprehensive building society is one of the main financial institutes. These societies have now started working more or less like banks.The retail banking sector provides loans for various needs and attract deposits from customers to partly finance these loans. The proceeding are mostly small in value but high in volume (Buckle and Thompson 2004). As this sector earns through volumes, it is very important to attract customers by providing product differentiation. This is provided by most of the banks by using highly complex Information Technology networks.

McDonalds Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

McDonalds Marketing - Essay ExampleMcDonalds offers some training to the store managers. The training is done every year and the goal of training them is to ensure they provide the outdo quality services in every last(predicate) countries. Its vision gives it the advantage in the industry especially because it is competitive. Exams are done to ensure the trainees are perfect. The McDonalds make the effort to make high profits by astir(p) speed and efficiency amongst the restaurants. This plan was a result of the McDonalds introduction of wraps that slowed speed times since they required refreshing techniques. The need for increased speed is the high growth rate in the economy (Panwer 2004).The McDonalds work on increasing profits by product innovation to allow training and development. The improvements made help in reducing the ordering times and the waiting times. From the financial persuasion, the McDonalds taper on profits and sales. In the customer, potential service tim es are the main areas of focus. In the growing and learning perspectives how the employee is committed, and turnovers are the focuses. The financial perspective of the McDonalds focuses on sales and the store manager probably specifies areas that are to be improved. Increase in the merchandise share and increase the production and delivery times maximizes the productivity (Grove 2000). On focusing on the sales, the McDonalds focus its attention on the cost leadership and efficiency. The customer perspective focuses on areas including new customers. Combining all these areas makes sure that customers wee experiences that are repeated on the good quality products and services and they tell their friends. encyclopaedism focuses on important concepts. The technology plays a major role in ensuring employees works quickly and efficiently (Hill 2007).Benchmarking Benchmarking is to be done on certain key aspects of service that is valued by the customer. Fast-food chains have been benc hmarking

A Friend in Need Is Friend Indeed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A Friend in Need Is Friend Indeed - Essay Example humbled houses and schools, gaping cracks in the land, blocked tracks with land slide and the stench of human flesh when you pass by dint of an field of battle, where there used to be a settlement, were the sights which had for the time being overpowered the beauty of the Nature. During cans initial deployment, while private road through the area seeing dead bodies of men, women and children, half visible and half buried in the detritus of the accommodation, which they once thought to protect them from the hazards of weather, were a common site. rump could not realize the beauty of the area due to these gory sights for almost six months. Then he was provided with an assistant Akbar. He was a topical anaesthetic lad. 30 stratums of age, 5 ft 7, thin built, fair complexion and a sea of miserableness in his look. Eyes do really say a lot. It was as if there had also been an ball quake in the eyes of Akbar which demolished all t he foundations on which the palace of hope of better conduct is built. John noticed that his eyes only sparkle when they suddenly starts getting wet, sometimes talking with him and at times just seance beside him looking around when they were driving through the area. John was sure that Akbar was the matchless whose life had been permanently and irreversibly shaken by the earth quake almost a year venture. John was not sure how m some(prenominal) times he wanted to ask about the back ground of Akbar. There were many questions corroborate coming to his mind. Did Akbar lose his loved ones in the earthquake How he thinks about the life now How he is managing his shock Does he require help Was there any way John can help him Was there any way he can mold back the sparkle in his eyes which was a common thing in any ones eyes who longs for life There seem to be thousands of more questions coming in the mind of John. All these questions keep on resonating in his mind, urging him to i nquire, pressing him, teasing him and always making him feel as if his mind is occupied. Initially they come one by one, one question leading to another therefore another then another but soon their belt along increase and they follow with such speed that John loose their comprehension and then they all merge into one big question Should John ask Akbar about his past Always there used to be two answers, one give away of John saying Yes because Akbar was his tripner and knowing his past was his moral obligation. The other part saying No as it will remind Akbar about his grief, increasing the dampness and quietness in his eyes and character. Which part to hear And which part was right Was not yet decided by John. On 20 April 2007, John along with Akbar was moving in the area on a jeep. It had just stopped precipitateing. Both were sitting quietly. John was driving and enjoying the local beauty, it seemed that entire area had taken a bath and was looking honeyed and pompous. Whil e moving on the track, on one side were the mountain and the other 20 feet gobble up below a stream flowing. The noise of stream could be heard as soon as the rain stopped as if it was requesting the clouds to give more of its basic ingredient. Every now and then the rain starts pouring down heavily (as if fulfilling the request of stream) and making sound on the roof of the jeep to an completion that John and Akbar could not talk, if at all they tried. But Akbar was not at all interested in talking as always. Giving short and crisp answers to any inquiry made by John. As they

Economy of Finland Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9000 words

parsimoniousness of Finland - Coursework ExampleThis led to movements for independence and self assertion on the part of Finland as early as the First World War. In this regard, the relationship between the Soviet and Finland remained inconsistent, until Finland declared itself independent in 1912, succeeding(a) an upheaval by the Bolsheviks. This was a period when the Finnish German ties were looking up. Following Soviet encroachment as head as expeditions in Finland in order to capture it, the Soviet began diplomatic negotiations with Finland in April, 1938. This was done basic solelyy to avert the possibility of a Finnish attack on Leningrad with the help of British or German backing. It was in this period that Soviet German ties were forged with the help of a non trespass pact in 1939.A similar non aggression pact had been signed between Finland and the Soviet in 1934, which was to be re affirmed after a decade. Yet, the hostilities began soon after with Ariel attacks, milit ary expeditions as well as naval attacks between the two countries. epoch the fall of Soviet Communism was hailed by many another(prenominal) as the beginning of good times, there are parallel theories that point towards the failure of democracy to run through off completely. What must be considered here, is the emergence of the following in Finland after the fall of CommunismWhile not A Westward looking trendConception of and Alliance with the European Union and NATOparliamentary Democracy with the help of a constitutionStable market forcesGlobalizationPrivatisation of BanksGreen Politics return of global industrial players to make use of Social and Industrial Capital.This paper will discuss all these points in order to understand how Finland has grown and can continue to grow at an even high growth rate in all areas - social, political and economic.Chapter 3Change in Finnish strategyGlobalizationWhile not so different from traditional villages in its desire to engage in a free exchange of ideas, the global village is one that thrives on the communication and transportation base that seems to be binding the world into one large, happy family.This has been the foremost policy of Finland after Communism. What had started out as a speculation on the part of Marshall McLuhan in the 1960s, regarding the fact that the world was being alter into a global village in the face of TV and new telecommunication technologies, has become a debate of much greater dimensions. His prediction has gone past mere telecommunication technologies, to an arena where a new wave of digital technologies personified by the Internet and its offshoots, are proving to be as much a force for diversity as they are for similitude. While the spread of TV, radio and the telephone helped transform the ordinal world countries to a great extent a trend furthered by the advent of cell phones - the jolt of the Internet has been

Safer Staffing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Safer Staffing - Essay ExampleThe audition intended by the source argon people who want to start new businesses or distinguish how to start. The source is reasonable because it offers practical strategies to form new businesses.The authors in this source are experienced in business platformning. In this source, they provide advice on how one can give a business plan fast but in an effective manner. This source is intended for all persons who want to know how to develop successful business plans but in a fast way. The source is credible because it offers practical knowledge and examplesThe authors in this source have written extensively on issues of business startups. In this source, the authors address issues of researching, theme up and presenting a winning business plan. The audience intended in this source is the people who would equal to know how to establish businesses and also those who want to write successful business plans for exams or for businesses. The source is cr edible because it offers practical and current information on business planning.Blackwell is an experienced author in business planning. In this source, he offers advice on the simple strides one can practise to produce a ethical business plan. The audience intended by the source is the people who would like to understand every step of developing business plans. The source is credible because it is a current source and offers practical steps to follow in developing business plans.Brandt, J. A., Edwards, D. R., Sullivan, S. C., Zehler, J. K., Grinder, S., Scott, K. J., ... & Maddox, K. L. (2009). An evidence-based business planning process. Journal of Nursing Administration, 39(12), 511-513.The authors in this source are experienced in developing business plans for nursing businesses. In this source, they discuss evidence-based business planning that is main(prenominal) in nursing and offer an important contribution to nursing. The audience intended by the

Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 12

Memo - Essay ExampleIt is during this m that the company was confirmed to have increased its earnings in a profit margin of 50% as compared to 25% in the previous years. As a result, the CEO rewarded me for the contribution I had make for the two years through my hard work and diligence while working with the company, affirming that the company had a tremendous increase in profit during my tenure. Needless to say, this is one of the achievements I am still lofty of to date.Moreover, before I came to the U.S from Saudi Arabia I used work with one of the biggest oil colour Companies (Saudi Aramco) in the country. My business concern description was a manager, with the responsibility of overseeing 65 employees out of the total 300 working under my supervision. Consequently, I would like to retaliate that the responsibility of supervising 65 employees particularly in the production department of an Oil company is not easy but requires patience, understanding and motivation of the emp loyees in order to increase productivity and maximize on profit.Finally, I have engaged myself in a number of community run in the last few years since I completed grade school. To begin with, I am a member of Keep it Clean possible action which has over a hundred volunteering members who clean deflexion parks and public amenities around busy cities in San Diego three or four propagation a week depending on the weather.Secondly, I belong to a very young youth initiative known as Clear the road and save time that began three months ago with the aim of assisting the few traffic personnel present on the roads in easing traffic jams on major(ip) roads in Washington D.C. Since it is volunteer work, I ensure that I dedicate two hours of my sidereal day to the initiative. Similarly, I have strictly dedicated my free time to assisting lost people and locating their intend destinations. This idea came up after I realized that

Evaluating international business communications situations Essay - 11

Evaluating global business communications situations - Essay ExampleGlobalization has been known to provoke massive reactions in regards to its effects, some(prenominal) positive and negative, though the new opportunities it creates to people jackpotnot be overemphasized. The creation of multinational companies all over the world is one such major opportunity that globalization creates, and this tends to encourage the interconnection of people from very various(a) cultural and social backgrounds that would otherwise never have come together. As a result, globalization has produced workforce with the diverse cultural backgrounds at the same workplace and/or business encounters who have to work at an international level. These cultures are represented by individuals who come together at the workplace and have to mulct how to communicate and tolerate one another with their diverse backgrounds. Intercultural communication occurs whenever a pith is produced by a member of one cult ure for consumption by a member of another culture, a message must(prenominal) be understood. Because of cultural differences in these kinds of contacts, the potential for misunderstanding and disagreement is great (Pinto, ).Communication can only be said to be effective when it reaches out to the receiver in the manner in which it was intended to by the sender. As such, the idea, knowledge or opinion being transmitted to the receiver must be carried out in a manner that ensures it is correctly understood, and that it is received on time by the receiver. This aspect emphasizes the importance of choosing the right mode of communication at both the individual as surface as the organizational level for optimum communication. The various forms assumed by communication include testis vs. informal communication and verbal vs. non-verbal communication among others.Informal communication method is the one whereby the flow of information does not follow the known and established organiza tional channels. People make communication using wildcat lines that tend to follow

Apartheid and Crimes in South Africa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Apartheid and Crimes in southeast Africa - Essay ExampleThe novel tells the story of Stephen Khumalo who is a black Christian in the rural federation Africa who sets for Johannesburg to look for the missing members of his family, his sis Gertrude and his son Absalom and his brother John. Even though, he gets to fin d them, it is straightforward that it is at an appalling cost. This is because he finds his brother having lost his faith and in turn learnt to hate his sister had lost her dignity and turned to prostitution, and his son having kil take Arthur Jarvis son who is a white man opposed to the apartheid. disdain all these findings, it is noteworthy that the novel ends in a hopeful note, and this is by way of a communion amongst James and Stephen on the future of randomness African racial understanding. This paper assesses the novel by focusing on the rampant crime that existed in the then South Africa, and this is to establish the accurate etymon of the crimes. This boo k is laid down in South Africa of the 1940s a time during which there was both economic and political tensions that had resulted into a lengthy complicated history. Before the arrival of the Europeans in the mid 1600s, South Africa was inhabited by a considerable number of African tribal groups such as the San and the Khoikhoi and afterwards the Bantu speakers who are the ancestors of the present Zulus (Natarajan, 200). Even though, the Europeans had not come to settle as colonizers, a vitamin C later had resulted into a settlement of Europeans into deeper areas of South Africa, thus, displacing the native south Africans (Natarajan, 202). The arrival of the English almost a decade later transformed South Africa into a colony, and this had disastrous effects on the South Africans. This guide to a conflict between the Boers who were the European settlers of South Africa and English, but it was till 1881 that a war between them transpired. However, this was after a series of clashes between the Boers and the native South Africans. At this time, it is evident that black workers were entirely permitted to hold unskilled jobs, and subjection to pass laws that restricted their freedom (Ikejiaku, 451). The enactment of the Natives Land Act led to a reduction in the land the natives were permitted to own. This is evidenced by the assertion of Arthur Jarvis that it is merely a ten percent of the territory, that was allocated to the native south Africans yet they formed four fifth of the countrys population (Paton, 156). This later on resulted into the emigration of most native South Africans into urban areas to work on mines. This influx of cheap craunch was welcomed by the min e owners, who did not care about the housing and services of these people. It is in this scope that the novel begins as Stephen Khumalo goes to the city to look for his son and other members of his family, and these are associates he had not do out for a lengthy time. The status of his f amily members at the time he finds them paints a true get a line of the social evils in the Apartheid Africa, and this is of course the cause of the rampant crimes in South Africa. This is a clear singularity that it is the society itself that caused the crimes. The novel depicts the whites as those affected by the native crime but also sheds many light on the social instabilities as well as moral issues as the cause for the dislocation of the tribal system. This disconnection, thus, leads to conglomeration of crime as the natives strive to survive.

History of architecture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

History of architecture - Research Paper Examplereincarnation design involved purpose of hemispherical beans, aedicules, niches, and semicircular arches (Frommel 148).Villa Capra Rotonda is located in an separate area outside Vicenza, a city in the northern region of Italy. Villa Capra Rotonda is built on a hilltop outside Vicenza. The structure forms a square on top of the hill providing a clear view of the environment. Villa Rotonda is distinguished by the presence of quartet facades. Most of the ancient designs comprised a single facade. However, Palladio was able to include all the four facades in the design of Villa Rotonda, making it unique. Villa Capra Rotonda represents a more secular thinking in the Renaissance by bringing its patron nearer to God (Palladio et al. 68).The building location indicates how the residents wanted to be closer to God. In addition, the Villa is highly lighted giving an indication of the purity and the close relationship the owner had with God . The dome created at the centre of the Villa is another indication of the relationship between the building and godliness. The building creates a tie-in to God since it was intended for retired priests from Rome.The design of Villa Capra Rotonda resembles that of most of the churches across Italy and Greek especially the inclusion of the semi-hemispherical domes at the building centre, hence a representation of heaven (Frommel., 2007, p. 48).Villa Capra Rotonda is located on a hilltop outside Vicenza in Italy. Most of the ancient churches were located away from the urban areas creating a God standard atmosphere for worshiping. Villa Rotonda is located in the countryside of Vicenza city which would give the pope an excellent atmosphere to pray and relate with God. The isolated location of the Villa is another reflection of its relationship with God. This is because churches were not located in crowded places and the patron of Villa Rotonda headstrong to construct a resident who

Service Industry Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Service Industry counsel - Essay ExampleConsidering the views of natural nature of activities for products, it is easier to define product rather than the work. Services generally brood a huge diversity of activities and involve many intangible inputs and outputs. The run may be inured as an economic activity that clears value and provides benefits by bringing about a desired change over in or on behalf of the recipient of the service. Services harbor in general four characteristics which have the potential to have impact on trade program. These four characteristics are Intangibility, inseparability, Heterogeneity and variability. All services often include important tangible elements. Useful way to distinguish between goods and services was first gear suggested by Lynn Shostack (1977). In the absence of significant tangible elements, marketers may find it useful to employ physical images and metaphors to demonstrate the competencies of the service firm and to illustrate t he benefits resulting from service delivery. Services are delivered in real time. In that sense, service providers become an integral part of services. So services are inseparable because they are produced and consumed at the same time unlike goods. Service marketers need to understand customers time constraints and priorities (lovelock and Wright, 2002). People can be part of the service itself and this can be advantage of services marketers. Many services require customers to introduce in creating the service product. For most of the service customers can be thought of as partial employees, and services firms have much gain from trying to train customers to make them more competent and productive (Canziani, 1997). essentially the services offerings are unique in nature and it only exists ones and so never exactly repeated. So services firms need to devote special care to selecting, training and motivating those employees who will be servicing customers directly. In addition to possessing the technical skills required by the job, these employees also need to possess good social skills. Service marketers need to think carefully about whether it is a good idea to mix several(prenominal) segments together in the same service facility. This is how heterogeneity in variability could be dealt with. Finally, service is a deed or performance it is ephemeral transitory and perishable and so can non usually be stocked with in inventory after being produced. Although facilities, equipment and labor can be held in readiness to create the service these elements simply represent productive capacity, not the product itself. If there is no demand during a given time period unused capacity is wasted. Apart from these above four characteristics perhaps the chance on distinction between goods and services lies in the fact that customers usually drive value from services without obtaining monomania of any tangible elements. The marketing schema defines what should happen and why. It has been argued that a combination of appropriate/inappropriate strategy and good/poor implementation will lead to various business outcomes (Jobber and Fahy, 2006). The marketing mix is not a theory of management that has been derived from scientific analysis, but a conceptual framework which highlights the principal decisions that marketing managers make in configuring their offerings to suit customers needs. The tools can be used to develop both long circumstance strategies and

Parkinson's Disease Discussion Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Parkinsons Disease Discussion - interrogation Paper ExampleManagement of motor response changes, for example, nighttime deterioration, dyskinesias, early morning deterioration, and psychiatric problems hobo only be successful if there are strategies for treatment. Although tremendous efforts and developments have been made in comprehending the pathophysiology that falsehood beneath this condition, the cause is not yet known, and there is no treatment that is curative. This paper will olfactory perception at the video My Father, My Brother, and Me, and attempt to discuss issues that surround Parkinsons disease.Firstly, there is a personal submit to understand Parkinsons disease. The disease has affected the actors family members. During his undertakings, he meets with various remarkable slew who are doing research about the disease. The researchers meeting with frozen heroin addicts results in a monumental step forward. An individual who had suffered from this disease got a refo rmed living by going by the surgery of the brain. Moreover, he encountered a geneticist who assisted in identifying some of the mutations responsible for Parkinson disease. It has also been noted by specialists that at least six genes can cause Parkinsons disease.Secondly, there is a belief that the view involving genetics and environment is adequate because there has not been an answer to it. A development of the connection surrounded by genetics and environment has led to the improvement of Parkinsons disease research hugely in the go bad few years. Thirdly, it is fascinating to know that even with the progression in the embryonic cell therapies the research was stop in 2006 by the former United States president, George Bush. He did this by vetoing the bill that was supposed to increase sustenance for stem cell research. He was largely responding to pressure from various religious groups. Fourthly, there is an illustration of the assorted treatment, medication of interest,

US History 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

US History 2 - Essay ExampleIt is important to note that the anti-federalists argued that the pro comprise constitution posed several challenges to the government. In this respect, they argued that the proposed constitution would encourage the issue of corruption to the government.Corruption was viewed as a study social vice that would threaten the development of several sectors in government, including the developmental sector, economic, social as intumesce as political sectors among others2. The anti federalists also advocated for a weaker federal government as opposed to stronger terra firma legislatures. This is because most of them argued that a stronger government would most likely infringe on the liberties that Americans had fought for and won in the radical War. In regards to this, it is important to note that the anti federalists viewed liberty as the specific rights of the people that the government had to respect, defend and encourage. They maintained that the governm ent had to observe, respect as well as protect the Bill of Rights in tell apart to protect that

Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Music - Essay Exampledentify his place in the parliamentary procedure and defys him realize what role he is actually playing or being a part of the clubhouse what role the nightspot expects him to play. However, such perception or gaining of experience is always not very positive, as, a human being, due to various socio-cultural turmoil as well as personal level hostility, perceives the society and its inhabitants essentially hostile. Due to development of such conception he also assumes that the basic requirements to live as a Human Being are not been provided to him by the social institution. Consequently, he rebels against all those systems as well as attempts to assert himself as a separate identity that is engaged in an undying bespeak to gain his rights and rightful place in the socio-cultural backdrop. In the eyes of the society he becomes, thus, an outlaw, a misfit but deep inside his heart he believes that what he is doing is right because he is fighting not only for h is place in the society as an individual but his rebellion is actually voice position of several other people who also are engaged in the same quest to recover their rightful place in the society. Judging this position, such a person can be equaled with the character of Satan in Paradise Lost (Book I) where Satan wages immortal battle against God, who becomes vocalism of the social institutions, restraining basic rights and freedom of the common people.Such essence of hope for a better future, amalgamated with the spirit of rebellion can best be perceived in music. Whenever it has come to social dynamism, beginning change into the existing socio-cultural structure, and change into the cultural perspective of the existing social form, music has always utter the reflection of common people, their perception about society and the spirit to rebel that would finally help in constructing and deconstructing the thought pattern for a better future. Such phenomenon is true in case of eve ry society, if we make an evaluation of music from

Analyzing Udall Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analyzing Udall - Essay ExampleTherefore, the positive side is visualised after he was able to control his anger and it let it go. In addition, Archie spends most of his time in ensuring that his fathers property is well guarded and protected (Udall 196). He ensured that all operations in the ranch ar running smoothly flush after the death of his father. Therefore, this is an indication that he did non deserve to be put under bars or in house arrest only if because of his ill thoughts. Every person has a dark side which might spoil his gains. Although his behavior is wanting, his purpose to succeed cannot be washed away by just several acts which were emanating from the anger. Moreover, his attempts to see a psychiatrists, clergymen, and even hypnotists are an indication that he was ready to change. Therefore, using force to change him is not the best option. Instead, providing him with the sustenance and constant advice is the best way to help him avoid the wrath.A hero is so me cardinal who is willing to go through tough conditions in order to achieve his objectives which seem to be unachievable by others. This is a person who is able to sacrifice his body on behalf of another person or people. Therefore, the person is subjected to bedevilment and even jeering but he is able to overcome all these challenges and become victorious. One cannot be a hero when he does not struggle in order to achieve a ad hoc goal. Therefore, heroism is associated with achieving something that is almost impossible to get in the eyes of other people. Heroes have compassion, internal inspirations, and are prepare to sacrifice themselves. In the Midnight raid, Roys father is my hero. This is because he was ready to endure harsh survive and tight security in his ex-wife compound in order to deliver the goat to his son (Udall 15). He therefore used several tricks in order to ensure that he achieves his objectives.In the past readings Brady Udall, one outstanding aspect is that of teaching the

Research Project Assignment Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Project duty assignment - Research Paper ExampleIn intimately of the lower class of the society, the systems such as schools and the virtue enforcement are one of the major reasons why the people under such settings sessnot prosper in their upbringing and the job opportunities.In the lower class society, most of the families prefer taking their children to lower measuring schools, which they can afford paying the tuition. A lower commonplace school signifies that the precept offered is of a lower standard pedagogics, this compared to schools that the middleclass people and the upper class people are exposed to. In a high standard society, the institutions that are in most situations availed are such that have qualified teachers who offer quality education at standard levels. On the other hand, in most cases, a low standard skill institution tends to have less qualified teachers who lack the standard quality education.Lack of proper education values is one of the major proble ms that is faced in a lower class society. Education is primordial in the aspect that when a person is exposed to good education, he or she has a higher(prenominal) chance to secure a job in the future and earn some money to engage care of him or herself. In a lower class society most of the teachers and the school brass are underpaid by their various institutions, for this reason there tend to be laxity in fling proper education. The impact of the lack of the proper education in the society then is that when most of the students covering the school curricula, they lack the qualifications to secure good jobs and ends up working for the underpaying companies as well (Lee).In most lower class schools, the rates at which the teachers are changed in a learning institution is passing low compared to the schools of the upper class society. The relevance in changing teachers in a institution has been connect to the ability of the students to

Vacation essay for school Essay Example for Free

Vacation canvass for school EssayFrom April 2, 2014 through April 10, 2014, my family and I went of an educational fieldtrip. For our educational trip, we went on a cruise to larboard Canaveral, Florida, Nassau, Bahamas, and Freeport, Bahamas. I felt the trip was educational beca subprogram, I learned something new at each stop. In Port Canaveral, Florida I learned about biology. Bio agency life and ology means the study of Biology means the study of life. At Port Canaveral I studied the life of manatees. I learned that they are endanger and did not like to come to shore. Since manatees are endangered they had to live at a Sanctuary Park. This tooshie was made so the manatees did not get hit by boats and did not become extinct. Nassau, Bahamas is where I go through the culture of the Bahamas. I went shopping with my family. While I was shopping, I noticed that it did not look the shops at Pennsylvania. The shops in Nassau, Bahamas where bright and colorful little huts. I ha d the opportunity to go into The Grass Hut and go through the Bahamas true culture.The Grass Hut was composed of at least 20 different shops. This included a wood carving stand and that could also be used as a purse weave stand. Everything in The Grass Hut was handmade and you got to see the people who made the purses or wood carvings that you bought, shoot another one. Freeport, Bahamas is lined with beautiful, natural beaches that the natives appreciate. Freeport is the 2nd largest city in the Bahamas and with it being a tourist hot-spot they use that to their advantage. At this stop, I learned about the thriftiness and how they make money off the natural resources. With the ocean, they boom off of the actives that are possible for tourists to do (for example, snorkeling, water skiing, swimming, etc.) During my trip, I learned about the culture and economy of the Bahamas the biology of Port Canaveral, Florida. I feel that I could not be able to experience everything that I did on my trip or even begin to study about it in school. This is an experience that I will never forget and gave me lasting memories.

Sound Leadership Essay Example for Free

Sound leading EssayThe focus of lead and the dynamics that make up go leading drives our day to day interaction in a continuous revolving world of business. Sound leading is the core of all(prenominal) arranging and solving its problems. Understanding attractions, its purpose, and dynamics enables executives to solve problems and maintain a competitive edge in a continuously changing business environment. In order to address the strategical implications that organisational doingss curb on leading, justify the business needs of leading, and codify the implications lead has on organisational drifts this paper impart focus on the definition of different lead trends and sufficees, how they furbish up to organisational demeanours indoors an physical composition, and how they form fit leadershiphip. 14. November 2011Throughout this course we throw focused a significant amount of condemnation talk abouting an organizational moment. The majority of the is sues and solutions in every organizational moment evolved around leadership. Whether it was an absence of leadership or a directional change in leadership, leadership was at the core of every situation presented in the readings. Leadership is a behavior. The way an organization employs leadership,controls a variety of influences that guides the partys direction. The focus of leadership and the dynamics that make up sound leadership drives our day to day interaction in forthwiths world of business. Sound leadership is the core of every organization and solving its problems.Understanding leadership, its purpose, and dynamics enables executives to solve problems and maintain a competitive edge. In order to address the strategic implications that organizational behaviors require on leadership, justify the business needs of leadership, and codify the implications leadership has on organizational behaviors this paper willing focus on the defining different leadership ardours and proc esses, examine how they relate to organizational behaviors inwardly an organization, and how they take a leak to form sound leadership.According to Beebe Masterson (2006), leadership tendency is a relatively consistent pattern of behavior reflecting a leaders beliefs and attitudes. It is the beliefs and attitudes that leadership forms toward the strategic goals of an organization that determines the direction of the company. In order for an organization to be successful they bewilder to have buy-in. For an organization to have buy-in it establishes strategic goals that shape the direction of the organization. The leadership having buy-in, aligning their beliefs and attitudes toward the strategic goals of the organization, and relaying their beliefs and attitudes to their employees shapes the direction of the organization and provide a solid foundation for the organization to be successful. Leadership drives the mission of an organization and in order to impart these beliefs on their employees, leaders practice triple basic leadership styles.Leadership styles determine the atmosphere of the organization. Understanding leadership and the many methods to employ it is as quintessential to an organization as its resources. According to Beebe and Masterson (2006), no two people practice the same methods of leadership however, all people lead with three basic leadership styles authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire(prenominal). For this paper, it is not master(prenominal) to understand the definitions of severally type of leadership style as it is to understand the fact that leadership styles determine the atmosphere and organizational behavior a company employs. Under authoritarian leadershipthe leader dictates the work and tasks for each member.Members within an authoritarian leadership group ar dependent on the leader to make decisions, ar unable(predicate) of independent thought, and have difficulty navigating issues that arise within an organiz ation. In democratic leadership leaders have more faith in the group and attempt to involve members in making decisions. Democratic leadership style encourages the development of employees, empowers members by involving them in the decision making process, and leaders provide the necessary fight to allow the success of members. Laissez-faire leaders avoid dominating the group and assume the group will direct itself. Laissez-faire behavior is a complete avoidance of leading.These non-leaders completely abdicate their leadership section and refuse to make decisions. This is a manager who is relatively inattentive, indifferent, frequently absent, and uninfluential (Humphreys, 2001). These leadership styles greatly daze an organization and directly contribute to the directions and futures of a business. Leadership styles develop the persona leaders exude in managing their people. Leadership idealogues incorporated processes into leadership to explain how leadership styles impact th e procedure of workers within an organization.Theorists have do their mark in the world of business. Over the past decades, researchers focused on defining the personal traits of rough-and-ready leaders but ultimately concluded that it is not so much the traits as it is how individuals utilize these traits (Boseman, 2008). Theorists have focused their efforts toward understanding the processes of leadership to assist managers with leading their people and achieving the organizations goals. Abraham Maslow, Clayton Alderfer, Victor Vroom, Edwin Locke, atomic number 1 Landsberger, Frederick Taylor, Paul Hersey, Ken Blanchard, Robert House, and Douglas McGregor studies in leadership have made major contributions to the world of business. Of these prolific theorists Maslows power structure of Needs, Alderfers ERG Theory, Houses Path-Goal Theory, and Hersey and Blanchards Situational Leadership will be utilized to explain how leadership effect organizational behaviors.Abraham Maslows introduce his concept of leadership in 1943. MaslowsHierarchy of Needs was maked on motivational leadership. Maslows leadership concept is derived from the concept of a benefit with five levels of employee needs physiological needs, safety needs, love/belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Clayton Alderfer, later in 1969, rewrite Maslows Hierarch of Needs into three categories existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs. According to the studies of some(prenominal) theorists it is important for a leader to understand the needs of their people to effectively lead and motivate. Through their studies, these pi unmatchableers of leadership have launch that the understanding that leaders have of their employees needs directly effects organizational behaviors and accomplishment of company goals and objectives.In 1971 Robert Houses introduce Path-Goal Theory. According to Lyons (2007), an effective leader is one who can assistance carve a path for subor dinates that allow them to fulfill personal goals through the progress toment of group and organizational goals. In path-goal theory a leader adopts either a directive, supportive, participative, or securement oriented leadership style to accomplish this objective.The leadership style performed is dependent on two variables characteristics of the employee and characteristics of the work environment. Based on both variables the leader practices directive, supportive, participative, or achievement oriented leadership. The leadership style practiced ensures the needs of the employee are fulfilled and organizational goals and objectives can be met. Houses path-goal theory is a needs base process that shapes the organizational behavior of an organization.Hersey and Blanchards situational leadership developed in 1974 distinguishes between quaternity leadership styles that are characterized by a combination of task and relationship.Telling High task, low relationship styleSelling High t ask, high relationship styleParticipating Low task, high relationship styleDelegating Low task, low relationship style(Hitt, Miller, Colella, 2011)DeCaro, DeCaro Bowen-Thompson (2010) stated, The model is useful in determining if a persons leadership style is relationship or task oriented and if the situation such as task structure and leader members relationship, match the leaders style to maximize performance. Utilizing situational leadership a leader can accommodate an employees needs by varying their own behavior and applying the most suitable style for a given situation. By varying leadership style found on the employees needs a leader can manage organizational behaviors and achieve organizational goals and objectives.As one can see leadership and organizational behaviors work hand in hand. They both influence one another to meet the strategic goals and objectives of an organization. Hitt, Miller, Colella (2011), stated the strategic organizational behavior commence relie s on the premise that people are the foundation of an organizations competitive advantage. As leaven to this, leadership theorists developed processes base on the people within the organization. The processes developed guided organizational leaders in achieving the companys goals and objectives. People and the leadership that shape the direction and culture of an organization drama a vital role in establishing an organizations organizational behaviors. Leadership is the quality to achieve desired conduces by giving the proper direction to the organization (Giri Santra, 2010). The influence that leadership and organizational behaviors have on a business establishes leadership as a critical and most vital plus an organization can employ.Throughout the eight weeks of this course we analyze an organizational behavior moment that discussed leadership struggles within organizations. The leadership struggles faced in the organizational moments relay the importance of leadership withi n an organization. In the case study, Bright and Dedicated What more can you ask for? Anita Lockwood is a perfect example of an of import leader. Anita rules with an iron fist over Susanand her employees. Anita never empowers Susan to run the finance department and as a result Susans leadership development is hindered.The importance of Anitas and Susans moment in organizational behavior is it displays the effects that authoritarian leadership style has and how it impacts others. In an authoritative leadership environment the organizational goals and objectives are met, however at the expense of the professional development of people within the organization. In situational leadership it is sometimes necessary to practice authoritative leadership in order to stimulate the growth during the training process of learning a new job or position. Once the training process is over it is important that the leader is able to variety out of the authoritative leadership style and into one that continues to allow their personnel office to grow and develop within the organization.The Two Presidents is another organization moment that provides an example of the importance of leadership to business. In this case study Alvin Thomas displays the attributes of a democratic leader. Alvin exhibits an active role of leadership, empowers his employees to make decisions, and establishes goals and objectives based on organizational dynamics. Thomass leadership allows the university, the people around him, and himself to prosper due to his style of leadership. A democratic leadership style broods balance and creates a positive environment that allows a leader to be directive, supportive, participative, or achievement oriented when necessary. The importance of this characteristic is the leader understanding their employees. Understanding employees enables leaders to meet the needs of their employees and companies to maintain their competitive edge.The last organizational moment that I would like to discuss in support of the argument of why leadership is important to business is A Sea throw in Staffing at Leapfrog Innovations, Inc. In this case study Dick Eaton dons the role of a laissez-faire leader. Dicks hands-off approach failed him miserably in the end. Due to his negligence his company undergo a high turn-over rate of personnel and had no foundation for stability once the three long-time employees begun to transition to other opportunities.This left Dick holding the bag per say and his company in shambles with nodirection and a bleak future. Dicks experience was an extreme case of laissez-faire leadership. in that location are instances where this style of leadership is appropriate. Laissez-faire leadership is appropriate when personnel are performing and confluence the expectations of the leader and goals of the organization. In Dicks case he was a laissez-faire leader from beginning to end. He took a huge gamble in placing all his faith in the leaders hip of one individual to run his company and when they decided to leave the experience, knowledge base, and foundation of his company left also. terce different case studies, three different leadership styles, and three different outcomes the key theme to line of credit in each case is the importance of leadership. Leadership is one of the key fundamental building blocks of travel rapidly a business and is as quintessential to an organization as its resources. According to Giri Santra (2010), Leadership is the quality to achieve desired results by giving proper direction to the organization. In order to achieve the desired results leaders utilize motivation to motivate employees toward achieving the organizations harsh goal. The assumption that leadership is a effectuate of behaviors that can actually be observed, measured, and developed is critical to the development of any process (Kanji, 2008).Leadership theorist understood the importance of leadership to business and develo ped processes to assist leaders in understanding what motivates people. for each one topic discussed in this paper depicts the basics of leadership. The purpose for this paper was to understand how leadership affects business and relates to organization behaviors. The organizational behaviors a company employs and the practice of leadership has a significant impact on the strategic implications of an organization. Business challenges effects every industry and creates vast opportunities to establish sound organization behaviors to support sound leadership. It is paramount that the organizational behaviors that a company employs support its leadership. In summary there are four key points to note in the importance of leadership to a businessa. Leadership styles vary in types and it is important that businesses adopt practices that best fits their organization and people.b. Leadership Theorist improvements in processes that define leadership, helps organizations to understand, manage , and lead personnel.c. Leadership and Organizational behaviors work together to form sound leadership.d. Sound leadership within an organization creates a healthy work environment. The importance of leadership to an organization could mean its success or could lead to its demise.The pickaxe of leadership style is crucial to the success of business operations and hence also the ultimate performance of the company (Juhl, Kristensen, Kanji, Batley, 2000). Every business, organization, or group of people striving together to accomplish a common goal needs only one thing to be successful, Leadership At the forefront of every fortune 500 company, military, government, and country is sound leadership to meet company objectives and goals.No matter which style of leadership is practiced, it is leadership at the foundation of every organization that drives the company. The strategic implications that organizational behaviors have on leadership, codify the importance of leadership to busine ss. The implications that leadership, leadership styles, and leadership processes have on an organization directly relate to the organizational behaviors within an organization and how they assemble to establish sound leadership.ReferencesBeebe, S. A., Masterson, J. T. (2006). Communicating in Small Groups Principles and Practices, ordinal Edition. Bostin, Massachusetts Allyn and Bacon.Boseman, G. (2008). Effective Leadership in a Changing World. Journal of Financial Service Professionals, 62(3), 36-38. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. DeCaro, F. P., DeCaro, N., Bowen-Thompson, F. O. (2010). An trial of Leadership Styles of Minority Business Entrepreneurs A Case Study of Public Contracts. Journal of Business scotch Studies, 16(2), 72-78. Retrievedfrom EBSCOhost. Giri, V. N., Santra, T. (2010). Effects of Job Experience, Career Stage, and Hierarchy on Leadership Style. Singapore Management Review, 32(1), 85-93. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.Hitt, M. A., Miller, C. C., Colella, A. (2011). Leadership. Organizational mien (Third Ed), CH 8, Hoboken, NJ John Wiley Sons, Inc.Humphreys, J. H. (2001). Transformational and Transactional Leader Behavior. Journal of Management Research (09725814), 1(3), 149. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Juhl, H. J., Kristensen, K. K., Kanji, G. K., Batley, T. W. (2000). Quality Management A similitude of Cultural Differences. Total Quality Management, 11(1), 57-65. doi10.1080/0954412007026 Kanji, G. K. (2008). Leadership is prime How do you measure Leadership worth? Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 19(4), 417-427. doi10.1080/14783360802002834 Lyons, P. (2007). A Leadership Development Model to better Organizational Competitiveness. Advances in Competitiveness Research, 15(1/2), 103-115. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Acceleration of falling cones Investigation Essay Example for Free

Acceleration of run intoing chamfers Investigation EssaySafety Statement- To have this investigation safe I bequeath wear sensible shoes, this make sure that I provide non fall or trip on the table whilst carrying push through the investigation. Prediction- I predict that the smaller the originate on discipline of the retinal cone the faster it will fall. I know this as the much pop knowledge base the cone has the more air resistance there is. I also know this as when I carried out some research on parachutes, I discovered, that the larger the parachute the quicker the forces balance, devising the parachute fall slowly. Also, the smaller the parachute the longer it took for the forces to balance out, make the parachute fall much quicker. When I looked at a person freefalling (standing up) the results were that this also took at long magazine for the forces to balance out. When I saw the results of a person lying down I could see that the forced balanced out quic kly, making the person fall slower. I know that it doesnt matter what pitch an object has, it falls at the similar acceleration, and lands on the ground at the same time. On the moon a feather and a golf ball were dropped at the same time, they both hit the fall out of the moon at the same time.In any atmosphere when there is a gas or a liquid they ab initio drop at the same acceleration, encountering a drag force this increases as it goes faster. The drag force increases until it equals the weight force, the forces are consequently balanced and it cant go any faster. This is called terminal velocity. Equipment- The equipment that I shall use will be a stopwatch to make sure that the clock are as accurate as possible, a table of which to stand on when dropping the cone, and sensible shoes whilst standing on the table, I will also have a metre rule to measure the 2m distance, from the floor to the bottom of the cone. method- In this experiment I will time how long it look ats for a cone to fall 2m. individually time I will make the cone slightly smaller, and therefore decreasing the surface area each time. I will then repeat each size three times fetching an average of the three times, of which I will then plot all the points on a graph. This will hopefully prove my prediction correct. The piece of card forming the cone will be moved 20? for each part of the experiment. Variables- Distance, Surface area, Weight.The variable that I am going to falsify will be the surface area of the cone. This will help me determine whether or not my prediction is proven correct. somewhat Test- To make this experiment a fair test, I will take an average of the times of the cone falling after repeating the experiment three times. I will also make sure that I move the piece of card forming the cone around 20? each time, making the surface area of the cone decrease in regular intervals. Obtaining- Results- Angle (degrees? ) Surface Area (cm) cartridge holder (seconds) 1 st Time (seconds)2nd Time (seconds) 3rd Average Time (seconds) Velocity (m/s)nalysis- My results show that the bigger the surface area of the cone the slower the cone would fall. This was due to the forces balancing out quicker.The smaller the surface area the quicker the cone would fall, it therefore takes longer for the forces to balance out, causing it to have a high(prenominal) velocity. Looking at the graph above you can see that it did take longer for the cone to fall with a larger surface area. In the graph below you can see that the smaller the surface area the higher the velocity, (the time it took for the cone to fall in metres per second) My results show that my prediction was correct, the smaller the area the faster the cone will fall.The terminal velocity only lasted for a couple of cm, as the forces balanced out quite quickly. Velocity formula Distance = Velocity Time Example- 2 = 1. 38 1. 45 The larger the area the smaller the velocity, this is because it takes longe r for the cone to reach the ground. The larger the area the more air resistance it encounters, this makes it fall slower to the ground. My conclusion for this experiment is that the larger the area the longer it takes for the cone to fall, it therefore has a lower velocity. The smaller the area the quicker the cone falls, it also has a higher velocity.Evaluation- The investigation I carried out was actually good, as the results for each of the experiments that I carried out had well-nigh the same time for each, the average was also very close to the time it took for each of the cones to fall. This data was very reliable. There are not any results that dont fit the pattern in the graphs. To carry out this investigation I had to measure the height of 2 metres of which the cone would be dropped each time. These results were then recorded, and then I took the average of each result, and plotted these points on a graph.If I did this experiment again I would take more results of each are a to make the averages even more accurate, and reliable data. As well as having more data if this experiment was done again I would extend the experiment to involve weight. I would then try to prove that the weight of the cone would not affect the velocity and time of the cone falling. This would help me determine whether or not I was right about weight not universe a factor of affecting the time and velocity. If I was to do this then this would be my experiment then this would be what I would do-Prediction- I predict that the weight would not make an conflict on the time it takes for the cone to fall, and its velocity. Equipment- Plastacine Stopwatch, Metre rule, Piece of card with cone and angles drawn on it. This time the variable I would change would be the weight of the cone. Method- I would drop the cone with a ball of plastercine in it from a height of 2m. Each time I drop it I would change the weight of the plastercine, repeating this three times each for each different we ight, this way I could get an average of the times, making it even more accurate. Acceleration and terminal velocity of falling cones.

Investigation Completion and Analysis Essay Example for Free

Investigation Completion and Analysis Essay vapour is a service where liquid is born-again to vapor with the purpose of separating it from a dissolved solid or from a liquid that is higher in boiling point in experiments or investigations on how to separate soluble solid in liquids (Holland, 2005). Evaporation technique was chosen for the experiment beca apply it is easy and simple to execute compared to other methods of separation such as distillation.2. DistillationDistillation is an investigative technique use in separation of mixtures based on conditional and differences required to change the components phases of the mixture. It send away be utilise in a mixture of liquids, and the mixture of soluble solutes and solvents like in this experiment. During the distillation handle, the body of weewee is heated into the gas phase of the vapor leaving the salts deposits, because condenses back into liquid form that is then collected. The treat is then repeated again to i mprove the water purity (Porteous, 2010). This method was obtained because pure water burn be obtained3. CrystallizationThis technique is a process of solid crystals formation from a dissolving agent. This technique is a technique of separating solids and liquids in which transfer of solute from a solution to a solid crystalline which pure occurs (Jones, 2002). This method was chosen because pure solutes can be obtained.Modifications made, and confession for the changes1. In vapour, I applied some heat from flames to the containers holding solution of water and salt. I applied the heat to increase the rate of evaporation instead of leaving it open in the air and infra the sunshine that is slow.2. I used ice in the condenser to condense maximum amount of vapor. Moreover, I re-distilled the condensed water to get maximum dissolved salts again.3. In quartz glass, I left the crystallization process to march on slowly undisturbed instead of fast cooling. This was to prevent impuri ties from getting attached to the salts and also to get bigger crystals.Ways to ensure the accuracyTo ensure accuracy, I ensured that the same amount of solvent and solution was used in the three experiments. Moreover, an equal amount of time was applied on all the experiments to get entire results. Lastly, I ensured that the salts and the water had no impurities that could affect their boiling points.Ways to ensure reliabilityReliability in the techniques was determined by the experiments producing consistent results. To ensure reliability, I started with the evaporation method which the results were salt and water, distillation and crystallization also produced consistent results of salt and water.Ways to ensure validityValidity indicates the extent to which the applied technique in the separation process separated the components it was intended to separate. To ensure the validity, I ensured that salt and water which were the components of the solution that was to be separated we re the end products.The process requires a lot of heat energy which might be expensive. However, solar heat is slow and evaporates small quantities of the solution. The method is suitable in situations where salt is the only product needed. However, assembling of water vapor is difficultDistillationThe distillation process desalinate water removes dangerous heavy metals like mercury, ratsbane and lead, and the soluble salts that harden the water such as magnesium, calcium and phosphorous. Therefore, it is preferable for distillation of drinking water. However, this process is ineffective in separation of soluble salts that has lower boiling points than water such as synthetical chemicals, chlorine solutions, herbicides and pesticides (Porteous, 2010). Moreover, it requires larger-than-life source of heat which is costly. Lastly, the distillation process strips water its natural trace elements accordingly the hydrogen composition in water increases and makes water acidic (Porteou s, 2010).CrystallizationThe process is complex compared to the evaporation method. It is also unsuitable where water is to be collected as an end product. However, it is advantageous since pure salts can be obtained for usage (Jones, 2002).b) Suggestions of possible improvementsAlternative sources of heat could be used such as the use of solar energy to reduce high costs incurred in the evaporation and distillation process. Despite the particular that solar energy cannot produce a high amount of energy needed to heat the large amount of the solution for a longer duration of time, it is the best cost-wise.Given that some dissolved salts take aim lower boiling points than the water hence difficult to separate them from water, the boiling point of water can be lowered by lowering the gas pressure above the liquid.The distillation process strips water its natural trace elements, hence making water to be acidic due to increased rest of hydrogen. To avoid water being acidic, beneficial salts can be added into the water for human consumption such as calcium that is good in formation of bones.ReferencesHolland, C. D. (2005). Fundamentals and modeling of separation processes absorption, distillation, evaporation, and extraction. Englewood Cliffs, N.J Prentice-Hall.Jones, A. G. (2002). Crystallization process systems. Oxford Butterworth-Heinemann.Porteous, A. (2010). Saline water distillation processes. London Longman.Source document

Philosophy of Mind Essay Example for Free

Philosophy of attend moveSince centuries, our philosophers have been trying to unravel mysteries of our memory, thought processes, contrastive emotions, will power and imaginations culminating into what is known as polar intellectual and conscious part of our personality. Our promontory, as our great literary figures have posited, is a stream of our mind and is a part of our brains inherent processes. Our mind is a place where our reasoning power gets the shape and have gots the practical(a) form. As also said in Indian Vedic philosophical system, He who knows the receptacle (Ayatana) verily becomes the receptacle of his people. Mind is verily the receptacle (of alone our knowledge). (Chhandogya Upanishad, V-i-5.)Different studies by our philosophers have been compounded into various theories each delving into the depth of various aspects of our mind processes. Its earliest studies have been found in the works of Zarathushtra, Mahatma Budha, Plato, Aristotle, Adi Shan kara and many more than ancient Greek and Indian Philosophers. Many of the pre scientific philosophers based their theories on relationship between the mind and the soul, super essential elements of faith, having a odor of closeness with divinity or god, exactly on the other hand modern theorists based their theories on their research and scientific studies of the brain.These theories rely heavily on the fact that the mind is a phenomenon of the brain and is a tantamount of consciousness. The study of the relationship between the personify and mind is the just about central aspect to the philosophy of mind, despite of the fact that in that respect argon number of issues related to the nature of the mind which does non take into consideration its relationship to the physical body.The close to crucial and complex differences of thoughts are arising among different theorists regarding the exact and most appropriate theory of mind. Though various theorists have developed their own different versions to make us understand our own situationing of mind provided as more and more theories are culmination up, more and more it is getting difficult to come out with the best theory of all.As all theories are able to capture the intensity of readers to make us understand the core of our mind and thoughts, yet it is truly challenging to understand Which is the best? Here I am trying to unravel the closed book to understand which theory-Dualism, mind-brain identity or functionalism is a correct theory to understand all about mind.Dualism is a most classical school of thought that has time-tested to solve the most paradoxical and most important relationship of mind and body problems. It has tried to make several attempts to sure that mind and body in some way or the other detach from each other. Roots of Dualism dates far back to Plato, Aristotle and the Sankhya and Yoga schools of Hindi philosophy but in a most precise way it was understood by Rene Descartes wholly in the 17th century. His philosophical disposition is based on the fact that the mind is independent in itself and constitutes cardinal different kinds of substances exchangeable res extensa meaning extended things, physical things and res cogitans means thought process things, (Descartes, Online Edition ).The thinking things are beyond the dimensions of time and space and are thus separate in itself whereas Property dualists thinks that on that point are several independent properties known to us. It is quite clear from his disposition that he is trying to explain the importance and concept of soul, giving religious discourse. But in this all, he has tried to explain that there is an interaction of mind in pineal gland, from where there is a control on bodily actions and receive sensory perceptions.But this approach of Dualism is not without criticism as its properties are more of dubious in nature. Their theory is based on religion and their ardent faith but no elemen t of scientific fact is found in this. If we visualize and understands that if there is a soul in our physical body and the soul can have drastic effect then it is quite natural that it should be able to generate brisk energy to bring the bodies into moment. It is argued that if the soul exists and it can affect the body then it must be able to create new energy to move the body, but this is miasmal violation of the theory of the conservation principle. Owen Flanagan, in his The light of the Mind says,If the mind according to Descartes is not a physical system therefore it also could not have any energy to prove herself but in-order to increase this physical energy, the need of the hour is to get it transferred from other physical system but it is not possible. (Owen Flanagan, pp. 21, Mind creators.com).To overcome the limitations of the Dualism, several philosophers and psychologists began to ignore the very concept and existence of mind itself and by doing so their expectations to touch the cord of mind began to flow towards the realistic parts of our lives. Therefore in the beginning the new generation of philosophers came up with what is known as Type Identity Theory. They posters the view that though the structure of every persons brain is similar yet in the brain of every person there are certain differences therefore it is not possible to find oneself in a position of identical neurological state.Therefore this theory soon took the shape of Token Taken theory implying that if there are 2 people having different neuropsychological states, then what is it that brings them into the identical intellectual state? And to this they answered that it is due to the function of those two states only that had created them same. This leads to functionalism theory, which says that, Two different brain-state tokens would be tokens of the same type of mental state if the two brain states had the same causal relations to the input stimulus that the organism recei ves, to its various other mental states, and to its output behavior. (Functionalism, online edition).In simple words, he said that there were supposed to be two thoughts, which are same, and all of the inputs, internal and external, lead to the same output. With this statement, psychologists tried to bring all the conditions of the mind bewilder in equilibrium. This leads to the functionalism theory.Though there are several problems to this approach too yet we can very say that if this theory of functionalism is adopted, it will take us into next major breakthrough, but all is not well with Functionalism too as it failed to explain in clear terms the fact that even if there are conditions of different physical states which gives different material phenomenon, then there is no possibility of different physical structures to regain equality. .While there is a great controversy to come at the cover conclusion about which one is correct theory of mind,, but it is a matter of fact that functionalism is the most popular theory among scientists as well as philosophers of today. According to this theory, all the aspects of mental state like beliefs, pains, hopes, fears, etc. depends and are divided on the bases of their activity and are characterized by the jobs they do, or in other words according to the functions that they perform. Just like computers understands the main idea behind our thoughts process in the same way our brains captures our thought processes from our mind and induces us to act accordingly.WORKS CITEDAnderson, David. Introduction to Functionalism Consortium on Mind/Brain Science Instruction. Internet. (2006) Available http//www.mind.ilstu.edu/curriculum/functionalism_intro/functionalism_intro.php?modGUI=44compGUI=1403itemGUI=2447, March 5, 2008Cofer, David. Dualism MindCreators.Com Internet. (2002) Availablehttp//www.mindcreators.com/Dualism.htm, March 5, 2008Cofer, David. Functionalism MindCreators.Com Internet. (2002) Available http//www.mindc reators.com/Functionalism.htm, March 5, 2008McAdoo, Oliver. critically discuss the idea that mental states are identical to physical states arrod.co.uk Internet. Available http//www.arrod.co.uk/essays/mind-brain-identity.php, March 5, 2008Chance, Tom. Mind-brain identity theory Internet. Availablehttp//tom.acrewoods.net/research/philosophy/mind/identitytheory, March 5, 2008Swamy Sivananda, Mind Its Mysteries Control, The Divine Life aver Society, 1994, World Wide Web Edition, 1998, A Divine Life Society Publication, Internet Available, http//www.dlshq.org/download/mind.htmFlanagan, Owen (1991). The Science of the Mind, 2nd edition. MIT Press. pp. 21.

Puerto Ricans and black Americans Essay Example for Free

Puerto Ricans and minacious Americans EssayIn his archives D ingest These Mean Streets, Piri doubting Thomas searches for belonging in the racially stratified American nation of the 1940s and 1950s. Thomas explores how his race as well as his physical carriage compels him to seek identification with opaque Americans. Through break through the narrative Piri struggles with his gives privileging of sportyness and rejection of their visible cruddy racial hereditary pattern. Piri questions his develops abandonment, as he sees it, of their racial identity and of Piri as he attempts to navigate the unify States process of assimilation. While Piri struggles with his rejection by larger order as a Puerto Rican, he is conscious that he has an different avenue open to him, identification as a black American, and despite his military chaplains objections he deliberately explores that option as a way to find or so sense of belonging and acceptance. Piri was born at Harlem Hospit al and is raised in East Harlem where he learns to identify himself along racial and ethnic lines with the other Puerto Ricans and black Americans that make up his world. When his father moves the family beyond Piris comfort zone to Italian turf, just a few blocks away, Piri be spots apprised of himself as an turn upsider.For the first time, Piri must face the dilemma of being a darker-complexioned Puerto Rican and being labeled as black. At this point in his young life, Piris identity is firmly rooted in a Puerto Rican heritage reinforced by his mothers desire to give back home to the Caribbean. Piri remembers his mothers sentiments Momma talked about Puerto Rico and how gr sweep away it was, and how shed like to go back one day, and how it was warm up all the time there and no matter how poor you were over there, you could always live on green bananas, bacalao, and rice and beans. Dios mio, she said, I dont think Ill ever see my island again (Thomas 9)Piris mother help onese lfs as a guide that emphasizes her homeland in Piris imagination. Although Piris family has no hope of ever returning to Puerto Rico, Piri holds onto his Puerto Rican identity and firmly resists anyones labeling of him as black American. Another operator in his resistance to a black identification is the exsanguinous appearances of his mother, sister, and familiars. Piri shares the darker complexion of his father who negates his African heritage by stating that his dark complexion is due to Indian rakehell and even on occasion exaggerates his Puerto Rican accentuate to emphasize his ethnic difference from black Americans.Even at a young age Piri recounts tincture as though his dad favored his at large(p)er-complexioned siblings and treated him in a harder and rougher manner Pops, I wondered, how come me and you is always on the outsHow come when we all get hit for doing something wrong, I feel it the hardest? Maybe apparent movement Im the biggest, huh? Or maybe its cause Im the darkest in this family (Thomas 22). As a child Piri can already sense the difference in the way his father treats him.As an adult he confronts his father about his behavior and associates his bitterness toward him to the racial self-hatred that his father buzz offs after(prenominal) his arrival in the United States. In an interview, Thomas acknowledges that although he was conscious of the difference in his appearance at home, it was outside of the home and initially at school where he felt the real blow of being Afro-Latino (Hernandez, 5). In his memoir it is after his father moves Piri outside of his comfort zone again and crosses boundaries by moving his family to a majority white community in pertinacious Island that Piri begins to experience exclusion by his peers.At a school dance after he overhears a group of white students expressing abuse and resentment at his audacity in a jumbleg a white girl to dance with him, he comes to understand his outsider placement at sc hool and refuses to return, which eliminates his except educational resource for obtaining higher gainful legal usance later on in life. In addition, Piri recounts another instance in Long Island when he was treated as a trespasser also because of his expressed romantic interest in a white woman. In this situation a white man bombards him on a maneuver with racial epithets for being accompanied by his white girlfriend.In anger Piri transfers his hate for his racial troth to his girlfriend during sex. He remembers, In anger, in hate, I took out my madness on her (Thomas 90). Piris actions side by side(p) this racist experience complement his fathers use of white women to easing the pain of racism. Piri associates his fathers marriage to his white mother and later infidelity with another white woman as an attempt to nullify his blackness. Piri does not verbally claim that this is the motivation for his fathers attraction to white women.However, Piri acutely senses that Poppa co rrelates whiteness to superiority and advancement because of his fathers harsher treatment of him in comparison to his fairer siblings and the procrastinating removal of his family from the barrio and communities of color. Sanchez hypothesizes that while in Puerto Rico, Poppa protects himself against his ancestral black blood by marrying Piris mother, whose white skin gives him racial privilege and cultural capital (122). From his father, Piri learns to use white women as a tool to ease his testify racial discomfort.Piri is attracted to a fair-complexioned Puerto Rican woman named Trina who becomes his girlfriend. However, unlike his mother who rejects the notion of racial privilege among her family members, Trina is assured of the power position she holds as a white Latina. After a party, Trina comments on her position and the privileges it allows her, I can drink anytime I want toAfter all, Im free, white, and over the age (Thomas 112). Piri picks up on her claim to racial pri vilege and the difference Trina acknowledges between their disparate situations within the American racial hierarchy.In response to Trinas drunken statements, Piri attempts to posit a dominant position over her by punching her in the face but instead he injures his hand. Facing racial disagreement as black men is a disempowering and emasculating experience for Piri and his father. Affirming superiority over women is one way that they are able to reaffirm their masculinity and reject a black identification. The association of black with the position of inferior social status in the United States and the correlation between women and inferiority in Puerto Rico converge within the mount of the Puerto Rican American experience to equate black to woman.Asserting superiority over women aid Piri and his father in rejecting a black identity. Claiming this position over white women in particular implies that they are capable of transgressing a racial line that black men cannot. In Thomass narrative, female characters are repeatedly used by Piri and other men to assert their own masculinity and superiority over women and therefore, through with(predicate) substitution, to assert their humanity and negate their inferior racial status.In his narrative, Thomas juxtaposes his familys home in Babylon, Long Island to Harlem in order to portray Long Island as the mainstream American community that he is excluded from and Harlem as a peripheral community to the dominant one that rejects him. After Piri realizes he is the victim of racial discrimination at a job interview, he decides that he will no longer pursue employment and acceptance in mainstream American society. Instead he finds self-employment and comfort selling and using drugs while sustentation in Harlem.Thomas writes scarcely I was swinging in Harlem, my Harlem, next to which Babylon was like cotton dulcify white and sticky, and tasteless in the mouth (Thomas, 105). Thomas contrasts Harlem to Long Island the former where he finds belonging and safe among the racially marginalized and underground drug culture where he can alleviate the pain of non-belonging and the latter as exclusionary and unwilling to allow him to pursue upward mobility through legal societal structures.Despite the handful of lessons that Piri picks up from his father that allow him to retain some sense of self and manhood in the United States, Piri is barbarian at his father for abandoning him by rejecting the racial plight of Afro-Latinos and aligning himself with whites and a non-black Puerto Rican identity that causes him to exaggerate his immaterial origins and deny any African ancestry. Piri confronts his father and expresses his anger at him for rejecting their shared racial identity beforehand he leaves his family on a journey to the southeasternboundern states Poppa, dont you know where you at?Or are you seeing it, Poppa, and making like its not thereYou protect your lying ambitiousness with a heavy s train for a white status thats worthless to a black man (Thomas 151). Even though Piri leaves home without his fathers support, he has already internalized several of his fathers coping strategies for dealing with American racism which he attempts to employ during his travels and which help lead him to his own survival strategies. Ironically, although he criticizes his father for emphasizing his foreign status as a Puerto Rican, it is the corresponding construction that Piri makes use of in the south.Piris brother Jose has the white appearance that Piri and his father both covet. Because of this, Piri believes that his father favors Jose and his other fair-complexioned siblings. He is jealous of Joses relationship with their father and the ease with which he is capable of assimilating among the white community in Long Island, which represents mainstream America. Because of this, Jose with his white skin, nearly blond hair and blue eyes, represents the image that Piri in one case f elt he embodied but learns that he does not.In an effort to try to gain some sympathy from his family about his racial position, he attempts to force Jose to see how he is like him and that they share the same African ancestry. In a discussion with Jose about his plans to go on a journey south with his friend Brew, Piri is determined to make Jose aware that his black skin is also a part of his brothers heritage. In an angry response, Jose defends his claim to whiteness and insists that Piri is making the choice to identify as black Joses face got whiter and his voice angrier at my attempt to take away his white status.He screamed out strong, I aint no nigger You can be if you want to be. You can go down South and grow cotton, or pick it, or whatever the fuck they do. You can eat that cornbread or whatever shit they eat. You can bow and kiss ass and clean shit bowls. But I am white (Thomas 145) Joses outburst reveals his understanding that being black is identified with the frow n rungs of the socio-economic hierarchy. However, what he does not realize is that whereas he has the power to choose a racial identity, whether it is white, black, or Indian, Piri does not.Piris visible racial difference hinders him from assimilating into mainstream America, being socially accepted by whites, or move economic mobility in the same fashion as Jose. Jose explains away Piri and their fathers dark skin by suggesting that in addition to their Spanish ancestry they also have some Native American blood. Native American heritage is seen as an alternative to the black and white binaries used in the United States and allows an individual a place above that of black Americans in the American racial hierarchy.Jose explains away Piris dark skin to his white friends by claiming a Spanish and Indian mixture, however Piri rejects this identification in favor of an Afro-Latino identity. Despite the racial rejection that Piri experiences by his father and brother, Piri comes to term s with his blackness partly through his association with two black Americans, Crutch and Brew. In a conversation about the racial politics of the south, Crutch piques Piris specialty about the south by describing a similar dilemma to the one that Piri faces Places like Georgia and manuscript and Alabama.All them places that end in is an es an a whole lotta as. A black mans so important that a drop of Negro blood can make a black man out of a pink-asshole, blue-eyed white man. powerful stuff, that thar white skin, but it dont mean a shit hill of beans alongside a Negros blood (Thomas, 120). Crutch describes to Piri the historical assignment of mixed-raced people to the black race, even if an individuals ancestry is mainly of European origin. The image conveyed reflects Piris own background growing up with family members with the light hair, skin and eyes of Europeans.Crutchs description of the importance that a Negros blood plays in assigning individuals to racial categories in t he south initiates Piris interest in traveling there. His journey south serves as a quest to gain an understanding of the racial issues that plague him and his father. Although his father has abandoned Piri to experience life as a black man on his own, Piri continues on his travels with his father as an inherent motivator to discover a place of racial belonging that they both can fit good into.In his southern travels, Piri feels more heavily the weight of his skin color in instances such as when he is forced to sit in the back of the bus despite his remonstrations that he is Puerto Rican or when he is refused service at a whites only restaurant. Despite his initial proclamation that he is interested in going to the south to discover his own identity as a black man and the socio-political constraints of that position, Piri continues to assert his difference and racial privilege as a Latino in the same manner as his father.Without his fathers guidance, Piri completes his travels down south and through other adventures before deciding to make Harlem his home, which is the only place where he really feels as though he belongs. Brown comments on Piris return to Harlem Only on the streets of Spanish Harlem, with his boys, does Piri have a sense of home, even when he is strung out on heroin and literally homeless, crashing with whomever he can (Brown, 33).Piri doesnt make that transition to black American nor does he find a way to assimilate into mainstream America. In contrast to his father, he chooses to return to Harlem, a marginalized community on the fringe of mainstream culture where he is comfortable with his Afro-Latino identity and where he finds belonging among the same streets where he felt accepted during his youth. Piri remembers that the world of the street belonged to the kid alone. There he could earn his own rights, prestige, his good-o stick of living.It was like being a knight of old, like being ten feet tall (Thomas 107). The gangs and streets se rve as Piris community as a youth however, once he grows older, the drug inferno is where he turns to alleviate the pain of not belonging. The youth gang culture that Thomas romanticizes in his memoir has grown to unprecedented heights and takes on a new life in the writing of the later(prenominal) generations. BIBLIOGRAPHY Thomas, Piri. Down These Mean Streets. New York Vintage Books, 1967Sanchez, Marta E. La Malinche at the Intersection Race and Gender in Down These Mean Streets. PMLA. 113. 1 (Jan 1998) 117-128. Brown, Monica. Gang Nation Delinquent Citizens in Puerto Rican, Chicano, and Chicana Narratives. Minneapolis University of Minnesota Press, 2002 Hernandez, Carmen Delores. They Have compel Us to Be Universal. Interview with Piri Thoma, 5/6 Mar. 1995. Retrieved from http//www. cheverote. com/reviews/hernandezinterview. html , June 4, 2009

Unbending Gender Essay Example for Free

Unbending Gender EssayDomesticity is a sexuality clay of rules that delineates organization of market survive and family work and the sex activity norms that justify, sustain, and reproduce that organization. This is how Joan Williams defined domesticity in her book entitled Unbending Gender Why Family and Work Conflict and What to Do about It. Domesticity arose in the nineteenth coke and it still remains entrenched in many forms in American golf-club today. This way of life separated market work and family work in both space and time. It sets up a system that market work is the realm of men while women atomic number 18 delegated to the sphere of national making and parenting. As a gender system, domesticity has two defining singularitys, Williams wrote. The first is that organization of market work around the ideal of a worker who works full time and overtime and takes little or no time off for childbearing or child rearing. The ideal workers in this system are those t hat can work full time, or in most cases with plenty of overtime.Caregivers or those delegate to the childbearing and rearing (women) cannot, therefore, perform as ideal workers given this bodily structure. Thus the second defining characteristic of this system is providing for caregiving by marginalizing caregivers, cutting them off from most of the social roles that offer responsibility and authority (Williams, 1). This system of structuring market work and family work sustains the ideology of the defined roles of men and women. workforce, who are supposedly aggressive and super motivated, essentially belong to the market work.Women characterized as weak and soft belong to the home. Men provide for the necessarily of the family, taking very little time to participate in child rearing, leaving this mostly to women. This structure perpetuates the gender norms that define the role and performance of men as breadwinner, and women as homemakers. Before the nineteenth nose candy m arket work and family work is the not isolated from each other. The rise of industries, businesses, and professionals, however, also created a sassy definition of the American middle class.It also brought forth rising ideology about the home that arose from the new attitudes toward work and family. In article The Cult of Domesticity and aline Womanhood the new middle class family is utter to be different from the preindustrial family that may partly be the roots of this new ideology. These are 1. A nineteenth-century bourgeoisie family did not have to make what it needed in order to survive. Men could work in jobs that produced goods or services while their wives and children stayed at home. 2. When husbands went off to work, they helped create the view that men alone should support the family.Men belong in the public sphere or the world of work, and a womans institutionalise is the private sphere or home. 3. The middle-class family came to look at itself and at the nuclear fa mily in general, as the backbone of society. (From The Cult of Domesticity and True Womanhood) The emergence of the market economy separated work away from home. unlike before, the home is no longer seen as an economic unit in the community but quite an as a self-contained unit separated the rough world of work. This new order of things created gender norms e superfluously on womens performance of duties as homemakers.They are expected to create a special place, a refuge from the world where her husband could escape from the super competitive, unstable, immoral world of business and fabrication. Dubbed as the Cult of Domesticity, it espoused that True Women cultivate four virtues piety, purity, submissiveness and domesticity. The virtue of piety is based on the stamp that women are more religious than men. Religion is within the womens sphere. Modern young women of the nineteenth century were also expected exercise purity in words, thoughts and deeds. Womans sexual purity is hi ghly valued.Virginity is seen as the greatest treasure that a woman can bestow on her husband. Good women are also expected to keep in control mens sexual needs and desires. The natural order of things also requires women to be submissive to fate, to duty, to God and to men. The Young Ladies Book summarized the passive virtues necessary in women It is certain that in whatever situation of life a woman is placed from her cradle to her grave, a spirit of obedience and submission, pliability of temper, and humility of mind are required of her (qtd. In The Cult of Domesticity and True Womanhood).

Nation of Kurds Essay Example for Free

population of Kurds EssayThe challenges revolving around deeper political, cultural and societal guessing has been one of the tenets surrounding ethnic meshing. With the diversity of cultures around the reality, the creation of norms and practices among dominant gatherings often names a clash among members of the minority ethnic groups which in secrete necessitates into counterpoint ideals and values. Thus, the process of ethnic conflict occurs during the eventual analysis of how groups view the current status quo as a barrier for their practices and norms. Defining Ethnic affairIn defining ethnic conflict, various scholars piddle engender up with various interpretations on as to how such problem emanates. Due to the variety of conflicts and problems fixd by the express incident, creating a standardized definition would precisely broaden the scope of such bea. Seeing this, various approaches have been made and created several theoretical bases for the explanation of the realm of ethnicity.Seeing this, it may be right to specify ethnic conflict to be particular kind of such disputes about political, stinting, social, cultural or territorial reserve nationals between both or more than actors in which at least one of them is an ethnic group that defines causes, consequences and potential solutions of the conflict along an actual or perceived discriminating or otherwise classifi equal ethnic divide (Wolff, 2006). The creation of such conflicting patterns necessitates groups to conduct violent means to address the issue and change the status quo.Given the lack of agreement on both substance and process, parties tend to numeral very often and easily to force-based options, because force seems to be the only common language that both sides understand and honor (FPDL, 2006). In the end, there is a need for dialogue to cater better understanding and create necessities for change. The potential of conflict to generate learning, stimulate creati vity and deepen relationships is realized only if we are able to understand its underlying causes and to mutually recognize and respect each other right to address proclaim needs (FPDL, 2006).The Kurds A brief historical reviewThe Kurdish people in general are relatively large in number and comprise of various settlements living in various countries. In 1987, estimates suggested that probably numbering close to 16 million Kurds, inhabits the wide arc from eastern Turkey and the northwesterly part of Syria through Soviet Azerbaijan and Iraq to the northwest of the Zagros Mountains in Iran, represented the population of what has been referred to as Kurdistan (Global Security.org, 2008).Kurdish effort in various come out of the closets in the world backside be attributed to many factors that have been evident in history. These signifi fundamentt events have been significant in migration of Kurds in different countries and societies. These examples such as the failure and knit of the Mehabad Republic in 1946, collapse of the movement in Southern Kurdistan in 1975, the use of chemical weapons by the Iraqi government against Halabja, Badinan and other areas of Iraqi Kurdistan, and the refugee exodus from there after the uprising and aftermath of the guerrilla Gulf War in 1991 (Sheikhmous, 1998, p.1)Throughout history, the Kurdish people have sought for independence and the lore as a national entity. However, all the bloody revolts that have been made were all in peril as no movements have ever been successful in the practice. Some of the frequent Kurdish revolts in the twentieth century have sought autonomy others avowedly aimed at complete independence in a sovereign show (Harris, 1977, p.113). In the end, such events catapulted the rise of many conflicts among neighboring states. This in turn ended up in the escalation of violence and conflict within the region.Inter-ethnic conflictThe process of inter-ethnic conflict among the Kurds can be seen in their neighbors such as Iraq and Turkey. On the other hand, there are also incidents of conflict in the Southern Kurdistan and mainly involves the Iraqi KDP and KDPI. Among the most obvious types of inter-ethnic conflicts are those that have taken place between the Kurds and the majority ethnic groups i.e. the Arabs and their power elites, since the establishment of the state of Iraq in the 1920s and their inclusion into the state against the will of their own majority (Sheikhmous, 1998, p.2)Conflict against neighborsSimilarly, occurrence of conflict can also be cited by Kurds against several states bordering the region namely Turkey, Iran, Syria and Iraq. These conflicts primarily occur due to the intervention of these states in the countrys political affairs and clashes with other ethnic groups. Kurdistan geographical position became an instrument for several states to equally accompany their interest over such region. This is done by supporting one or the other troupe in the competi tion for power and resources, by inciting incidents of disagreements and war, and by luring one or the other party with dishonest promises and temptations (Sheikhmous, 1998, p.3)On the other hand, the same situation applies for Kurdish movements. They in turn are guaranteed support only to realize in the end that they contract just pawns in the overall plans of each neighboring state. The Kurdish movements, too, due to their consideration for their own sectarian interests only, rather than those of the Kurdish nation as a whole, become an easy prey to these cynical games of medieval power politics by the governments of these regional states (Sheikhmous, 1998, p.3) In the end, the upbeat of placed under jeopardy due to such interference and intervention of other states.Creating SolutionsSeeing this, there are varied solutions practiced and suggested to improve the current scenario of ethnic conflict within the region. Neutral states can act as both mediators and negotiators in the peace talks process between two competing parties. Strong mediation by forceful negotiations from the United States and Europe might be able to coax the two Kurdish parties in Iraqi Kurdistan and to return to a peaceful process with formation of a wider new coalition government and holding a new pop elections under international charge (Sheikhmous, 1998, p.3).Economic benefits may be included in the talks so as to encourage parties and states to comply. With the support of international organizations such as the UN, the process can effectively create confidence-building measures and improvements in the region lacerate by continued conflict and violence. A lifting of UN sanctions on Iraqi Kurdistan together with an increased package for economic aid will certainly influence the parties towards more cooperative relations because they will become more self reliant and escape influence from Iraq, Turkey, and Iran as a result of sanction busting along their borders along their bord ers for customs duties (Sheikhmous, 1998, p.3).Lastly, peacekeeping solutions can be enforced and help create a better democratic bon ton. In addition, there needs to be an active involvement among groups who partake in the process to create a cultured society that addresses the concerns of these ethnic groups. With the establishment of interest groups and institutions for the advancement and strengthening of a civil society together with institutions for the preservation of human rights and respect the rule of law together with well dexterous cadres in conflict resolution would further enhance cooperative relations within Kurdish society (Sheikhmous, 1998, p.4).ReferencesFPDL (2006) What is Ethnic Conflict. Retrieved July 14, 2008 fromhttp//209.85.175.104/search?q= pile up-wSNN0zz3F8Jwww.fpdl.ro/WHAT_IS_ETHNIC_CONFLICT_EN.doc+defining+ethnic+conflicthl=tlct=clnkcd=1gl=phGlobal Security.org (2008) Kurdistan Kurdish Conflict. Retrieved July 14, 2008 fromhttp//www.globalsecurity.or g/military/world/war/kurdistan.htmHarris, G.S. (1977) Ethnic Conflict and the Kurds in Annals of the American Academy ofPolitical and Social Science. 433. Retrieved July 14, 2008. pp. 112-124.Sheikhmous, O. (1998) Factors for Cooperation and Conflict in Southern Kurdistan. RetrievedJuly 14, 2008 from http//www.aina.org/articles/sheikhmous.pdfWolff, S. (2006) Ethnic Conflict and How to explain It An Overview of Relevant TheoriesDefining Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflict. Retrieved July 14, 2008 from http//209.85.175.104/search?q=cacheyMs7ugglbUEJwww.stefanwolff.com/teaching/ethnic-conflict/downloads/lecture-1-notes.doc+defining+ethnic+conflicthl=tlct=clnkcd=7gl=ph