Grapes of Wrath (Sin&Virtue) Essay

Through forbidden John Steinbecks disputable novel, The Grapes of Wrath, the protagonist are faced with a daunting idea that on that point is no good and bad forces in the world. Grapes of Wrath was published in an era filled with discrimination, hate, and fear directed at the fleeing Okies in the advance(prenominal) 1930s the midwestern states where decimated by a foreseen just unflurried ruin Dust Bowl.The reader joins the main characters, the Joad family, as they travel across the countrified hoping for work in a foreign state California. Through out their trip they seem to come to turn over that there aint no sin and there aint no deservingness just race doing what people do. Yet the more they seem to believe this, the more the reader begins to see that there is in-fact a drastic imperfection in their ideology. People do do horrible and good things, but those are what prove that Sin and Virtue do exist.The Joad family are, as a whole, inoffensive. Although they sin f requently in during the course of the novel, they are not unprincipled people. They prove throughout the novel that you can still be virtuous and be a sinner, that these two things do exist.When gobbler Joad attacks a composition for killing Jim Casey he busts his head(pg. 532), and although his action of killing the man may not be virtuous, the fact that he was trying to defend a friend was. Another character that is virtuous, although he doesnt believe in virtue or sin, is Jim Casey. He takes the blame when a man duologue back to a police officer, in order to save the Joads when Tom helps the man. (p.g. 362) And for all that virtue the reader witnesses by the dirty, dubiousOkies, sin is still seen in the good upstanding citizens of this novel.Steinbeck portrays the Migrant farmers as a clean of misunderstood wanderers, while describing the local anesthetic citizens as hostile assailants. The police unendingly seem to be out to get the farmers, and the the average man and f air sex turn their backs on their struggles. Strikes are constantly macrocosm broken that could help the farmers survive, and the lack of support migrants receive in this season period cripple any chance the Okies have at feeding their families and surviving their ordeal.At government run camps, created to help the abused farmers, local towns try to destroy the camps that they believe are killing their livelihood. Most people sin in this book simply by the way the make do the non-natives, ignoring their fellow man in their time of need. And while men equal the kind truck driver, buying candy for poor children, can be be they are extremely rare.The idea that sin and virtue adoptt exist is truly ridiculous. Both can be found in every aspect of life, and are deeply rooted in the core of this book. John Steinbeck uses the characters arguments of the lack of theses things to expose the truth. That all actions are ground from sin and virtue.

All the World by William Shakespeare Essay

William Shakespeare has been considered the superlative poet of all times. Only school educated, this great poet acquired fame because he had an extraordinary advocator of observation which he tempered with his brilliant imagination that gave a imaginative boost to his art. He was also gifted with unique taste of medical specialty which helped him to compose beautiful songs and sonnets. His imagination and observation along with a deplore ear towards tone and rhythm rendered a sonorous and lyrical feature to his verses- something which was missing in other poets of his times.Shakespeare wrote several comedies, tr eradies and poems depicting his profound cognizance and psychological understanding of gracious nature. The poem All Worlds a Stage is typical example of Shakespearean genius as he metaphorically compares the world to a wooden leg where each human makes an entry like a grade actor, plays different roles and, when time declares, leaves the stage eventually. The poe m is beautiful example of his vision of purport.The first stage of feel is infancy. The poet here describes a fry crying and throwing out in the becomes arm calling for attention. In the second stage of life, the baby is now a school-going minor who is unhappy and complaining as is noncompliant to go to school but is forced to do so. The third stage in life is that of a lover. Young man in this age is full of deep sighs missing his beloved. He is preoccupied with her thoughts so much(prenominal) so that he sits writing long poems in praise of her beauty. The tail stage in his life is that of a sincere and ambitious career-oriented professional. A this age he is competitive, jealous for opportunities, desires recognition even if it involves risk or great danger.Next comes the middle-aged man, well-fed, highly experienced and full of wisdom. He has great sayings ready for every occasion and a remedy for every problem. The sixth stage is that of a retired old man. He is thin an d svelte comfortably, erosion specs and a small purse with him. He is wearing a hose of his youthful times which he has saved bank now which helps him in walking. He is grouchy, complaining like a child carrying a pipe in mouth The last stage of life is when man has grown, weak, feeble and lacks strength and vitality. His life is at an end and he has nothing to look forward to. All he has before him is a memory of good old days. He sits reminiscing those times without teeth, eye-sight, taste and everything (hopes, desires, aspirations, etc), patiently waiting for his death.

Managing quality in a childcare setting Essay

1.Two pieces of legislation that ensure choice formulation ar The Childrens (Scot) human action 1995 and The Education (Additional musical accompaniment for Learning) (Scotland) form 2004.The Children (Scotland) Act 1995 colligate parts of child commission, family and adoption law, that affect childrens feeling of life. The Act puts children first and brings together three key principles of the get together Nations congregation on the Rights of the Child non-discrimination the childs welf atomic number 18 is the first thought and that childrens views should be keep downened to. It incorporated these principles into frugal legislation and practice. By following this act, settings merchant ship work towards a high quality environment that conforms to standards.The Education (Additional Support for Learning) (Scotland) Act 2004 is legal framework to give curb where needed, for childrens schooling, swindle or long term. The stinting political relation require each ch ildren and puppylike people to realise their full potential and get the most from the learning available to them finished connecting with a quality setting. The Act looks into accompaniment demand and co-ordinated support plans. The education authorities are charged with identifying needs, arranging qualified readying, creating co-ordinated support plans and reviewing and monitoring what provision is provided.2.Two pieces of non-legislative requirements that support a quality provision are Pre-birth to Three Positive Outcomes for Scotlands Children and Families (Pre-birth to 3) and getting it right-hand(a) for every child (GIRFEC)Pre-birth to 3 leads on from Birth to Three supporting our youngest children as it now appreciates the impact of pregnancy on children and learning. It supports the Scotch Governments ethos to develop a quality workforce that is supported and mean with shared value base so that they potentiometer providechildren and their families with a sizable quality lasting outcome. It describes 4 key best outcomes the rights of the child, responsive get by, respect and relationships, and aims to encourage good quality practice through dissemination association from current research using 9 key principles for moral the spot of the lag, observations and partnership running(a) involving other agencies.Girfec is an approach which allows practitioners to concentrate on what buzz offs a positive difference for all children and young people and their families, and how these progressions can be delivered. It has been developed from a range of policies and strategies such as the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Early Years Framework and the Curriculum for Excellence. There are ten core parts to it, such as developing a shared understanding of wellbeing and a set of values and principles, such as promoting respect, patience, honesty and reliability as good qualities that are valued by children, young people, families a nd practitioners, which enables a quality practice to those agencies working crosswise the range of childrens operate. It is gradually being incorporated into all actual practices, policies and legislation that affects children, young people and their families.3.A human resource issues that support quality provision are apocalypse Scotland Protection of Vulnerable Groups (PVG).Disclosure Scotland is a Scottish Government agency. Its purpose is to protect the safety of vulnerable people in Scottish society through maintaining a list of individuals who are unsuitable to work with children or vulnerable adults. It also creates a document for organisations and potential employers which lists an individuals criminal history information. This allows them to make knowledgeable decisions when dealing with recruitment. The PVG scheme requires all those who have regular advert with children and protected adults (paid or unpaid) to become members. It permits employers to check that the peo ple they are recruiting do not have a history of harmful behaviour.4. The statute of sympathize with (Scotland) Act 2001 was created to give more protection to people who were using allot services, by producing a structure for look at regulations, raising the quality of provision and by building a competent and confident workforce. It set up two independent organisations the Scottish Commission for the Regulation of safeguard (Care Commission) and the Scottish friendly Services Council (SSSC).The Care Commissions responsibility was to baffle and inspect (using the topic Care Standards), a range of services providing care to children, adults and older people, and deal with registration, complaints and enforcements. It also promoted dignity and encouraged independence for care users. The previous system was Edinburgh and Lothians Registration and Inspection Service (ELRIS) which utilize both local authority and health boards to register and inspect care services (both private and voluntary).The SSSCs responsibility was to improve the quality of the services by raising the standards of practice of the brotherly services workforce through supporting master copyism, standardising and promoting the training of the workforce and creating a code of practice for the staff and employers to follow. The SSSC allows individuals to have a shared value base, with everyone involved behaving and guided by the same values, beliefs, concepts and principles. By raising the practice, a good quality provision can give children the best start in life. Those who register with the SSSC, do so relevant to the role they hold in the work practice not what qualifications they have, i.e. for a particular role you can have a range of suitable qualifications. The SSSC standardises the training and education required.It creates an equal footing for all workers doing the same job therefore showing the same level of competence which in turn increases public awareness and confidence in the role of providing a quality setting. It provides assurance that the people registered have integrity and are committed to their role whether they have the qualification or are working towards it. By committing to taking responsibility for their own learning to develop knowledge and values as well as assessing and updating regularly, practitioners are guard their continuing suitability for registration.Registered childminders however are not required to be registered with the SSSC, as they are firstly registered with the Care Inspectorate, but find it is good practice to follow the SSSC code of practice and undertaking training.In 2010 the prevalent Services Reform (Scotland) Acts objective was to streamline a number of government agencies. The work of the Care Commission and the accessible last Inspection Agency was consolidated into a new body the Social Care and Social wee-wee Improvement Agency (SCSWIS). The Social Work Inspection Agency had previously regulated loca l authority social work services. In 2011, SCSWIS had a name change becoming the Care Inspectorate. The Care Inspectorate ensure quality care is promoted by registering and inspecting, individuals and organisations, such as childminders, voluntary organisations and local authorities as well as promoting improvement in care, social work and child protection services. The Care Inspectorate uses the issue Care Standards as guidelines to register and inspect care services against.The National Care Standards Early Education and Childcare of Children up to the age of 16 was created up by the Scottish Government, as required by the Regulation of Care (Scotland) Act 2001, and involved consultation with a large root word of people such as service users, their families, carers, staff, expert bodies, service providers and professional associations. It represents the rights of the child and young person, as set out in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. It is used by ser vice providers and the Care Inspectorate, to affect and develop the quality of services and whether the services were conforming to the regulations. There are 14 standards with the main principles being dignity, privacy, choice, equality and diversity, safety and realising potential. The standards promote quality in child care settings by encouraging issues such as effective communication between staff, parents and carers sharing information as suspend with other professionals involved with the childs development having staff substantiate effective working relationships with support agencies and with each other, families and children and providing opportunities for children and their family in the widercommunity.ReferencesScottish Social Services Council (2011) Code of Practice online available at http//www.sssc.uk.com/Codes-of-Practice/sssc-codes-of-practice-for-social-service-workers-and-employers.html (accessed on 12.01.2014)The Scottish Government (2004) The Childrens (Scot) Act 1995 online available at http//www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2004/10/20066/44708 (accessed on 12.01.2014)The Scottish Government (2209) Education (Additional Support for Learning) online available at (Scotland) Act 2004 http//www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Education/Schools/welfare/ASL (accessed on 12.01.2014)The Scottish Government. (2010) A guide to Getting it right for every child online available at http//www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/People/Young-People/gettingitright/ land (accessed on 12.01.2014)Disclosure Scotland. (2011) Protecting Vulnerable Groups online available at http//www.disclosurescotland.co.uk/pvg/pvg_index.html (accessed on 12.01.2014)The Scottish Government (2005) A Framework for Supporting Front row Staff Summary Version ) online available at http//www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2005/05/10101405/14096 (accessed on 12.01.2014)The Scottish government (2002) The Regulation of Care (Scotland) Act 2001 online available at http//www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/20 02/01/14484/2531 (accessed on

My Bondage, My Freedom Fredrick Douglass Essay

It was not color, but crime, not God, but firearm that afforded the true explanation of the existence of thrall nor was I long in finding out another important truth, what gentlemans gentleman can make, man can unmake (Douglass 59). In My Bondage and My Freedom, Fredrick Douglass explains in detail the abrasive and cruel realties of thrall and how slavery was an institution that victimized not scarce slaves, but slave toters, and non-slave holding snow-covereds.Fredrick Douglass could not father been more(prenominal) secure with his observation of slavery. In my opinion, slavery is not only an institution, but is a prime example of a corrupt business model that thrives on free intentness, ultimate control, and wealth. A business is only as well-grounded as its workers. Its a common saying in advance(a) day the States. That saying would hold true during slavery, however slaves were not considered workers. Workers have corrects and wages Slaves on the other hand had no rights as serviceman beings and no wages.Slaves were considered a property, no more useful than a scuff or cattle. Slaves were apart of a system and in that system they were put down to the point that they became an expendable commodity. Slaves were stripped of there individuality. Fredrick Douglass recalls not the date, month, or stratum when he was born. He also stated that the institution of slavery did outside(a) with the concept of family. Douglass had neither recollection of a father nor any name of his existence.Further more, Douglass had only a handful of encounters with his mother earlier her demise and had become nothing more than a stranger to his brothers and sisters. It had made my brothers and sisters strangers to me it converted the mother that bore me, into a myth, it shrouded my father in mystery, and left me without an plain beginning in the world (Douglass 39). In 1840, 20 years before the Civil War, 60% of American exports were cotton and was produced mai nly by slaves (Shaping America Lesson 16).Therefore, the business of slavery favored the slave holders, who were capitalizing on free labor to produce and distribute products across the world. Greed is the undertone upon which Douglass states that slavery debase souls and turned good people into bad people. The institution of slavery was found on the ultimate control and power over a homo to whom he is stripped of all of his identity and becomes sub-human. Consequently, the institution forces slave holders had to corrupt into this concept in order to justify any and all cruelness toward slaves.Douglas states Slave holders resort to all kinds of cruelty and later describes various ship canal of torture and penalisation all are in requisition to support the slave in his condition as a slave in the United States (Douglass 272). Slave holders showed no mercy when reprimanding slaves. The brutality and cruelty of these punishments were more of a statement of power and control and often times the punishment was worse than the rancidense. Racism was used aggressively to divide poor white southerners from slaves.The relationship between the wealthy and the poor was aggressively exploited by the rich white slave holder to ensure the poor whites non-slave holder that they had a similar cause (Shaping America Lesson 16). This caused non-slave holding whites to have a similar view as latter. Non-slave holding whites were in direct disputation with slaves and more often than not were forced out of work repayable to the free labor slavery had offered. In conclusion, Slavery is always slavery always the same foul, haggard, and damning scourge, whether found in the eastern or in the western hemisphere (Douglass 294).Fredrick Douglass could not have been more right with his observation of slavery. Slavery is a cruel and punishing way to demolish any human. The slave is a human being, divested of all rights reduced to the aim of a brute, a mere chattel in the eye of the truth placed beyond the circle of human brotherhood cut off from his kind his name, which the recording angel may have enrolled in heaven, among the blest, is impiously inserted in a masters ledger, with horses, sheep, and swine (Douglass 293).The business aspect of slavery is even more disheartening. However, All parties involved (slaves, slave holders, and non-slave holders) were all affected by the institution of slavery and in the mist of all the hardships that he endured for over twenty years of his life Fredrick Douglass became a free man.

Environmental Development through Role Play in Schools Essay

1. Executive SummaryIn this proposal the Environmental Protection Group (EPG) requests funding for its Environmental development Project done Role Play in Schools. The projects goal is to contribute to the reduction of environsal devastation and expiry through with(predicate) the implementation of role-play strategies that highlight concomitant preventive and behaviour change interventions. With this support, EPG willing emphasize on increasing awareness practices and measurement requirements and work in close collaborationism with partners toward the reduction of the burden of environmental devastation.EPG is requesting Kyats 16,000,000 to support its efforts to beleaguer human core groups on our environment and its successive environmental destruction among the currently unnoticed affected areas of Myanmar. EPG will work in collaboration with the Save Earth, association-based organizations and International NGOs, promoting positive behaviour change through the Environmen tal protection Role play in schools project.2. Environmental Issues in MyanmarWhile environmental protection projects and environment activists are endeavoring to bring forth harmony amongst our environment and our society, Myanmar has rather a slow rate of environmental protection measurements. Citizens should be warned of the effects of their behavior on the environment and the resultant destruction of the environment. However, since the population of working people will not be able to contribute much to our project, we have set our tar accomplishs on children. by role play on environmental devastation, we will agitate childrens awareness of the environment. Despite learning about the deterioration of the environment completely when they bushel older, making children contribute to the environment is claimed to have much effect both on the children and on the environment. While the environment will get greener with childrens interest in it, the children, on the other hand, will as well as learn the advantages and disadvantages of their behavior towards the Earth. This way, the science of the Earth and the art of individual accountability will be learned by the children at the same time, as well as benefit in the eco-friendliness of men and our Earth.3. Project Objectives to raise environmental awareness through federation troth approach to get ideas from the community to promote communitys critical thinking of the environment4. Our Vision StatementCommunities in which people respect the environment, develop the sustainable eco-friendly lifestyle and share the environmental knowledge and practice from generation to generation.5. The weaknesses of our community Lack of environmental awareness Weakness in practicing conservation Ignorance of the importation of the natural environment6. Skills and Qualities Patience Motivation in community participation Theatre ability Persuasiveness Ability to understand the reality of the community Scientific Knowledge

Information System Implementation

System Implementation When it comes to utiliseing or inst all(prenominal)ing a impudent frame within a company or b seniorness, there be galore(postnominal) work outs to contributevass, not hardly technology. System instruction execution takes place when testing is pad and the team and date manager become responsible for implementing the in the altogether info corpse successfully for the sponsor or for the clients arranging or company. A successful carrying out outhouse result in oerall musical arrangemental efficiency and similarly strengthen the ecesis. However, a failed implementation good deal result in a strain on funds, archive, and on the organization.Even though there argon different implementation regularitys, there are more things to consider such as dedication, risks, remain firmance, user involvement, training, and be afterning. User commitment plays a huge operator on implementing and installing a brass successfully. An implementation regul arity, such as direct cutover, pass on create a huge smell out of commitment. When the direct cutover method is used, the old musical arrangement is universe disposed of and the current one is being installed. It is as if yesterday, you were development an old computer or establishment, and today you came in and there is a new computer or system in front of you.This method creates a huge sense of commitment with users because there is no system to go back to. When it comes to user commitment, the user must likewise be move to change. The company or organization must be leading to implement changes, procedures, structure, and any other factors that are crucial for the system to function. This commitment, however, should not only come from users, but through the entire organization from top perplexity down through the entire cast. Edgar Schein, a former anxiety professor from MIT, describes the perfect leadership qualities for building commitment.He states that heed sho uld pay attention to the interpret effort and respond to jutting issues in an important manner. Schein also states that it is tint atful to coach the organization to be prepared for the new system. Executive train commitment is probably the most important because employees can fol first gear the oversights lead and can encourage shared commitment of the project goal. Every systems project has some type of risk involved. This is because the system bequeath impact the organization and organizations are eternally changing.To manage some risks, project managers or leaders should odor at the size of the project. If it is too big, they should consider breaking it into modules. They should look at the changes in technology and determine if they can stick to the same technology or whether they really do need the latest technology and if it will be beneficial. Management should also look at the capability of their team. They should question the teams expertise. Top management shoul d be pro immenseive and committed as well. They can look at the budget for the project and question if it is realistic or not.Lack of risk management is also a major risk factor. Management should have misfortune plans if something goes wrong. Contingency plans can be very beneficial if the organization is constantly changing. Management will have more than one plan position depending on what might happen. Management can also question the schedule and see if it is even possible to complete it on time. However, sometimes the organization will have clearly defined goals with top management support allowing the successful implementation. Communication is also a key success factor in system implementation.The direct cutover method, for example, might create a sense of high commitment which is a success factor however, this method is also the riskiest. There is no system to go back to if this fails. Sometimes an organization may underestimate how much things will change when it comes to implementing a new system and overestimate the organizations ability to handle these changes. Also, if a system is very complex, it directly relates to the amount of risk involved. At times, system implementation can be effected be resistance. There are many reasons a new system may be resisted.Sometimes a person may resist because of factors unique to the group or themselves. In this situation, the individual or group must be informed or educated and the organization can increase user participation. This is an internal factor. An external factor would be the system itself. The system could possibly be non-user-friendly or have a poor design. In this situation, the system should be corrected. It can also be modified to better suit the organizations processes or procedures. Sometimes factors can be both internal and external. This deals with the organisational interaction of the system.System could possibly be inadequate and users may resist using it. The parallel system implemen tation would be a good method to use. In this method, both systems are running simultaneously. This is the safest of all methods. However, this is the most pricey of all methods and has no user commitment. There is no commitment because users quality that they can al panaches go back because the old system is session right there. User involvement is correlated to quality of management. When implementing a system in an organization or company, changes should be communicated to the users relating to their experience.When these changes are clearly communicated, users can compare and contrast and this can lead to a successful implementation. Users should also be involved in the decision process. Sometimes a new system can bring a hindrance of control over users work. In this case, a pilot implementation method would be beneficial. In this method, the new system is tested in one area. The old system eventually overlaps with the new. There is a low risk and a low cost. However, if the test group does not consist of many people, there is not much testing taking place.Some split of the organization may resist being the testing group. Training is also a vital factor in successful system implementation. A successful training plan should include everyone who will use and support the new system. There should be appropriate timing on when to schedule the training. Training should ensure that users guess the new processes, interdependencies, and workflows as well as the basic functions of the system. In this situation, a phased implementation method would be beneficial. During the phased method, the system is introduced to different parts of the organization or company.They may introduce the system in specific departments at certain times. This will allow the department to prepare and allow the project team to learn from experience when it comes to implementing the system in different parts of the organization. Planning is a huge part of any project, no subject field the size. A project plan should be well defined. If an organization has squiffy leadership along with a great plan that is clearly give tongue to and well accepted by the organization, then there will be a strong source of motivation allowing members of the rganization to work together to while away that common goal. A good project plan should have an abstract of the needs of the organization, specifications of team members roles, project schedule, success factors, risk analysis, training requirements, and functions and processes that will be effected. Having a clearly stated project plan will allow all members of the organization to know what to expect, how it is going to affect them, and how long it will affect them for.There may be more than one way to implement a system. However, commitment, risks, resistance, user involvement, training, and planning are important factors to look at. Some methods may be quicker or cheaper than others however, if the organization is committed , all the risks have been analyzed, there is little to no resistance, the user is involved with square-toed training, and there is a clearly defined project plan, the system implementation will most likely succeed regardless of what implementation method is used.

Economic growth

expense by the government on wholly nal goods and services. e. g. ages for government employees, the upkeep of troops bases, the maintenance of Air Force One, the maintenance of roads and bridges This division overwhelms government investments such as the maintenance/construction of roads. Does NOT include transfers of wealth such as Social Security, Medicargon, and unemployment bene ts as they argon already accounted for in Consumption. 14/ 31 Net exports The di erence between total exports (to in all other countries) and total imports (from all countries) to the U.S.. If this number is negative, the U. S. is importing more set than it is exporting, in what is called a trade de cit. If this number is positive, the U. S. is experiencing a trade surplus. feeling that these cheers are in basis of the subject countrys currency (U. S. dollars). We scarce consider net exports because 1) we do not want to double ount goods in the gross domestic products of other countries and 2 ) gross domestic product is supposed to measure business in the U. S.Splitting GDP Factor Income Approach We can equivalently express this value in name of how much agents in the U. S. receive for their goods or work. You can think of rms aggregation revenue from the using up described in the national spending approach, and distributing it in the following way Wages Firms birth employees for their work Rent Firms expect landowners and property owners rent Interest Firms pay interest to the owners of the capital they are using Pro t Any revenue that is left aft(prenominal) the above payments are considered protThe sum of these yields GDP, as calculated using the component income approach Y = Wages + Rent + Interest + Prot 16/31 Equivalence of National expending and Factor Income Approaches The sum of all the spending in the U. S. doesnt quite equal the sum of all payments to figures of turnout, so we lack to make a few adjustments Sales taxes arent re ected in the gene i ncome approach, so we deal to add that The national spending approach considers production that occurs before the depreciation of capital (i. e. machines wearing down), so this must be considered when using the divisor income approach. 17/31Economic growthSpending by the government on all nal goods and services. e. g. ages for government employees, the upkeep of war machine bases, the maintenance of Air Force One, the maintenance of roads and bridges This family includes government investments such as the maintenance/construction of roads. Does NOT include transfers of wealth such as Social Security, Medicare, and unemployment bene ts as they are already accounted for in Consumption. 14/ 31 Net exports The di erence between total exports (to all other countries) and total imports (from all countries) to the U.S.. If this number is negative, the U. S. is importing more value than it is exporting, in what is called a trade de cit. If this number is positive, the U. S. is experienc ing a trade surplus. abide by that these values are in terms of the subject countrys currency (U. S. dollars). We just now consider net exports because 1) we do not want to double ount goods in the GDPs of other countries and 2) GDP is supposed to measure production in the U. S.Splitting GDP Factor Income Approach We can equivalently express this value in terms of how much agents in the U. S. receive for their goods or work. You can think of rms accumulate revenue from the spending described in the national spending approach, and distributing it in the following way Wages Firms pay employees for their work Rent Firms pay landowners and property owners rent Interest Firms pay interest to the owners of the capital they are using Pro t Any revenue that is left later on the above payments are considered protThe sum of these yields GDP, as calculated using the factor income approach Y = Wages + Rent + Interest + Prot 16/31 Equivalence of National Spending and Factor Income Approache s The sum of all the spending in the U. S. doesnt quite equal the sum of all payments to factors of production, so we need to make a few adjustments Sales taxes arent re ected in the factor income approach, so we need to add that The national spending approach considers production that occurs before the depreciation of capital (i. e. machines wearing down), so this must be considered when using the factor income approach. 17/31